
यो १-२ हात अग्लो, गर्मी पहाडमा १००० मिटर उचाइसम्ममा पाइन्छ । यसको पात बाक्लो कुसदार- मुलायम हुन्छ। यसले कपुरको समान तेज गन्ध दिन्छ । यसको पहेँलो फूल र बीज कोणाकार हुन्छ । यसका विभिन्न जाति ब्लुमिया लासेरा, ब्लुमिया डेसीफ्लोरा, ब्लुमिया ग्रेन्डिस इत्यादि सबै उष्ण हावापानीमा पाइन्छन्। यो बिरुवाको स्वाद
चुस्दा
निद्राकारक, अग्निवर्द्धक र वेदनाशामक गुण
पत्ता लाग्दछ । यसको काँढापानी
३-५ पटक पिउँदा
दर्द- दुखेको हराउँछ, ऋतुस्राव नियामक गराउँछ, कफग्रस्त रुघा-खोकी - पिनास
र अर्धकपाल दुखाइ सन्चो पार्छ, चिसोज्वर निको गर्छ, पेटमा
पानी भरिने रोग सन्चो हुन्छ
। यसको चूर्ण १/१ ग्राम बिहान-बेलुका खाएर लाभ लिइन्छ
। यसको रसमा कडा
फलाम फौलादको धूलो धूपमा केही
दिन राख्दा चुना ( भस्म) पार्छ । के यसको
जरा चुसेर अनुभव गर्नु भयो ?
परिचय
कुकुरघाँस
(Blumea balsamifera) नेपालमा
पाइने एक प्रमुख औषधीय
बिरुवा हो। यसलाई कुकुन्दर,
कुकुरौंदा, कुकुरघाँस आदि नामले पनि
चिनिन्छ। यो बिरुवा एस्टेरासी
(Asteraceae) परिवारमा पर्छ। यो १ देखि
२ मिटर अग्लो हुन्छ
र यसको पात बाक्लो,
कुस्दार र मुलायम हुन्छ।
यसले कपुरजस्तो तीव्र सुगन्ध दिन्छ, जसकारण यसलाई प्राकृतिक कपुरको रूपमा पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
यसको फूल पहेँलो र
बीज कोणाकार हुन्छ। नेपालमा यो बिरुवा विभिन्न
ठाउँमा पाइन्छ भने विश्वभर यसको
विभिन्न प्रजातिहरू (Blumea lacera,
Blumea deciflora, Blumea grandis) उष्ण
र उपोष्ण क्षेत्रहरूमा पाइन्छन्।
नेपाल र अन्य देशहरूमा
उपलब्धता
कुकुरघाँस
नेपालको तराई, पहाड (१००० मिटर सम्म)
र हिमाली क्षेत्रहरूमा पाइन्छ। यो बिरुवा गर्मी
र उमाले जलवायुमा राम्रोसँग फस्टाउँछ। नेपाल बाहेक यो भारत, चीन,
थाइल्याण्ड, फिलिपिन्स, मलेसिया, इन्डोनेसिया लगायत अन्य दक्षिण र
दक्षिण-पूर्वी एसियाली देशहरूमा पनि पाइन्छ। यसको
खेती गरी सुगन्धित तेल
र कपुर उत्पादन गर्न
सकिन्छ।
भौतिक गुणहरू
- उचाई: १-२ मिटर
- पात: बाक्लो, कुस्दार, मुलायम, किनारा दाँतेदार
- फूल: पहेँला, साना, गुच्छामा फुल्ने
- बीज: कोणाकार, साना
- गन्ध: कपुरजस्तो तीव्र सुगन्ध
- स्वाद: परपराउने, तीतो, तर गरम
औषधीय गुणहरू
कुकुरघाँसमा
निम्न औषधीय गुणहरू पाइन्छन्:
- कफनाशक: यसको पात वा जरा चुस्दा कफ निकाल्न मद्दत गर्छ।
- निद्राकारक: यसले निद्रा ल्याउन मद्दत गर्छ।
- अग्निवर्द्धक: पाचनशक्ति बढाउँछ।
- वेदनाशामक: दुखाइ कम गर्छ।
- ज्वरघटक: चिसोज्वर (मलेरिया) लगायत अन्य ज्वरहरूमा प्रभावकारी।
- रक्तस्राव नियामक: ऋतुस्राव नियमित गर्छ।
- पित्तशामक: पेटको गर्मी कम गर्छ।
फाइदा
- यसले रुघाखोकी, पिनास, अर्धकपाल दुखाइ, ज्वर, पेटमा पानी भरिने रोग (एसाइटिस) लगायत विभिन्न रोगहरूको उपचार गर्छ।
- यसको तेलले मांसपेशी दुखाइ, जोर्नी दुखाइ र गाँठो दुखाइमा आराम दिन्छ।
- यसले शरीरको दर्द, सुन्निएको अंगहरू र स्नायु दुखाइमा पनि राम्रो असर गर्छ।
प्रयोग विधि
१. काढा: यसको पात वा
जराको काढा बनाएर ३-५ पटक पिउनाले
दुखाइ, ज्वर, कफ र ऋतुस्राव
सम्बन्धी समस्याहरूमा फाइदा गर्छ।
२. चूर्ण: यसको सुकेको पातलाई
पिँधेर १-१ ग्राम
बिहान-बेलुका खानाले पाचनशक्ति बढाउँछ।
३. रस: यसको रसले धातु
(जस्तै फलाम) लाई भस्म (चुना)
बनाउन मद्दत गर्छ।
४. तेल: यसको पातबाट निकालिएको
तेलले मालिस गर्न मद्दत गर्छ।
खेती, संग्रह र संरक्षण
- खेती: यो बिरुवा गर्मी र उमाले जलवायुमा सजिलै फस्टाउँछ। यसलाई बीउ वा काटेर रोप्न सकिन्छ।
- संग्रह: यसको पात र जरा फूल्ने अवस्थामा काट्नुपर्छ।
- संरक्षण: यसको पात र जरालाई छायामा सुकाएर भण्डारण गर्नुपर्छ।
निष्कर्ष
कुकुरघाँस
नेपालमा पाइने एक महत्त्वपूर्ण जडीबुटी
हो। यसले विभिन्न रोगहरूको
उपचार गर्न मद्दत गर्छ।
यसको प्रयोग नेपाली परम्परागत चिकित्सामा धेरै पुरानो समयदेखि
गरिँदै आएको छ। यसको
खेती गरी औषधीय प्रयोगका
साथै आर्थिक लाभ पनि लिन
सकिन्छ। त्यसैले यसको संरक्षण र
सतत प्रयोगलाई बढावा दिनुपर्छ।
Introduction
Blumea balsamifera is a robust herbaceous plant recognized
for its aromatic leaves and significant medicinal value. Traditionally, it has
been utilized in various Asian countries for its health benefits, ranging from
respiratory relief to wound healing.
Availability in Nepal and Other Countries
In Nepal, Kukur Ghans is predominantly found in the hilly
regions up to elevations of 1000 meters. It flourishes in warm climates and is
commonly seen in uncultivated areas, grasslands, and forest edges. Beyond
Nepal, Blumea balsamifera is widespread across Southeast Asia, including
countries like the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and parts of China. In the
Philippines, it's known as Sambong and is officially recognized for its
medicinal applications
Physical Properties
Blumea balsamifera is a perennial herb or subshrub that
grows between 1 to 3 meters in height. It has strong, erect stems with
taupe-colored, longitudinal edges. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, measuring
up to 25 cm in length, with a distinctive camphor-like aroma when crushed. The
plant produces small yellow flowers arranged in branched panicles, and its
fruits are cylindrical achenes with a red-brown hairy pappus
Medicinal Properties
Blumea balsamifera is rich in various phytochemicals,
including essential oils, flavonoids, and terpenoids, contributing to its wide
range of medicinal properties. Key therapeutic attributes include:PMC
- Antimicrobial
Activity: The plant exhibits antimicrobial properties against several
pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
- Anti-inflammatory
and Analgesic Effects: Traditionally used to alleviate pain and reduce
inflammation.
- Diuretic
Properties: Promotes urine production, aiding in the treatment of
urinary tract infections and kidney stones.
- Antioxidant
Activity: Contains compounds that scavenge free radicals, protecting
cells from oxidative stress.
- Respiratory
Relief: Used to treat colds, coughs, and other respiratory ailments.
Advantages
The utilization of Blumea balsamifera offers several
benefits
- Natural
Remedy: Provides a plant-based alternative to synthetic drugs.
- Accessibility:
Easily available in many regions, especially in Southeast Asia.
- Versatility:
Applicable in treating a variety of ailments, from infections to digestive
issues.
- Economic
Potential: Cultivation and processing can contribute to local
economies through the production of herbal medicines and essential oils.
Uses
Blumea balsamifera is employed in various forms:
- Tea:
Leaves are boiled to make herbal tea for respiratory and urinary issues.
- Poultice:
Crushed leaves applied to wounds to promote healing.
- Inhalant:
Steam inhalation of boiled leaves for nasal and bronchial congestion.
- Essential
Oil: Extracted for use in aromatherapy and as an ingredient in balms.
- Capsules/Tablets:
Processed into supplements for various health benefits.
Using Method
Preparation of Tea:
- Collect
fresh Blumea balsamifera leaves and wash thoroughly.
- Chop
the leaves into small pieces.
- Boil
50 grams of leaves in 1 liter of water.
- Let
it steep for 10 minutes.
- Strain
and drink while warm, up to four times daily.
- Poultice
Application:
- Crush
fresh leaves into a paste.
- Apply
directly to the affected area.
- Cover
with a clean cloth and leave for several hours.
Steam Inhalation:
- Boil
leaves in water along with other aromatic herbs.
- Inhale
the steam under a towel to relieve respiratory congestion.
Harvesting and Preservation
Harvesting:
- Leaves
are best harvested during the flowering season when the concentration of
essential oils is highest.
Preservation:
- Dry
leaves in a shaded, well-ventilated area to retain their medicinal
properties.
- Store
dried leaves in airtight containers away from direct sunlight and
moisture.
- For
essential oil extraction, fresh leaves are preferred to ensure maximum
yield and potency.
Conclusion
Blumea balsamifera, or Kukur Ghans, stands out as a multifaceted medicinal herb with a rich history of traditional use across Asia. Its diverse therapeutic properties, ease of cultivation, and economic potential make it a valuable plant for both healthcare and local economies. Continued research and sustainable practices can further enhance its role in modern herbal medicine.
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