Friday

Kikar, किँकर, किरकिरात, सानो काँडे बबुल, Kalo Kingkar, Vachellia nilotica

 

Kikar,  किँकर, किरकिरात, सानो काँडे बबुल, Kalo Kingkar, Vachellia nilotica

यो गर्मी क्षेत्रमा किँकर प्रशस्त पाइन्छ यसको स्वभाव रूखो, टर्रो, गरम, वातनाशक, स्तम्भक मानिन्छ। यसको खोटोले रक्तातिसार, रक्तपित्त, रक्तस्राव, सन्धिवात, शरीर दर्दमा आधा-एक चम्चा खानासाथ लाभ पुऱ्याउँछ यसले हाड फुटेकोमा जोड्दछ, हैजा तत्काल रोक्छ, पाठेघर बलियो पार्छ मात्रा : - ग्राम धूलो, / माना काँढापानी, अर्क ३० - ५० ग्राम - पटक

    परिचय

    किँकर (Vachellia nilotica) नेपालका विभिन्न भू-भागमा पाइने एक औषधीय रूख हो। यसलाई किरकिरात, सानो काँडे बबुल, कालो किँकर आदि नामले पनि चिनिन्छ। यो गर्मी प्रधान क्षेत्रमा बढी पाइने गर्छ। किँकरको रूख निकै फाइदामन्द मानिन्छ भने यसको बोक्रा, पात, फूल, फल, गोंद सबै औषधीय गुणले भरिपूर्ण हुन्छन्। आयुर्वेदिक चिकित्सामा यसको प्रयोग धेरै पुरानो समयदेखि गरिँदै आएको छ।

    नेपाल अन्य देशमा उपलब्धता

    किँकर नेपालको तराई मध्य पहाडी क्षेत्रमा विशेष गरी चिसोपान, नवलपरासी, कपिलवस्तु, रुपन्देही, बारा, पर्सा, सर्लाही जस्ता जिल्लाहरूमा पाइन्छ। यसको उत्पत्ति अफ्रिका मानिन्छ भने यो भारत, पाकिस्तान, बंगलादेश, म्यानमार, श्रीलंका, मध्य पूर्व अरब देशहरूमा पनि पाइन्छ।

    भौतिक गुणहरू

    • रूखको आकार: किँकरको रूख मध्यम अग्लो (१०१२ मिटर) हुन्छ।
    • बोक्रा: यसको बोक्रा कालो खस्रो हुन्छ, कडा टर्रो स्वभावको हुन्छ।
    • पात: साना-साना पातहरू जुनेली रूपमा हुन्छन्।
    • काँडा: यसमा लामा तीखा काँडाहरू हुन्छन्।
    • फूल: सेता गोलाकार फूलहरू हुन्छन्, जुन सुगन्धित हुन्छन्।
    • फल: यसको फल पहेँला रंगको हुन्छ, जसलाई "किँकरको सिङ्गा" भनिन्छ।

    औषधीय गुणहरू

    किँकरको विभिन्न भागहरूमा निम्न औषधीय गुणहरू पाइन्छन्:

    • रस (Taste): कडा, तीतो
    • गुण (Property): रूखो, गरम
    • प्रभाव: वातनाशक, स्तम्भक (रक्तस्राव रोक्ने), पाचक, कफपित्तनाशक
    • उपयोगी भाग: बोक्रा, पात, फल, गोंद

    फाइदाहरू

    पाचन समस्यामा: किँकरको धूलोले पेटको गडबडी, अजीर्ण, पेट दुखाइमा फाइदा गर्छ।
    रक्तस्राव रोक्ने: यसले नाकबाट रगत बग्ने, रक्तपित्त, मासिक धर्मको अधिक रक्तस्रावलाई नियन्त्रण गर्छ।
    हाड जोर्ने: हाड फुटेको वा मोच आएको अवस्थामा किँकरको लेप लगाउनाले हाड जोर्न सहयोग पुग्छ।
    संक्रमणरोधी: यसमा एन्टिब्याक्टेरियल गुण भएकोले घाउ, फोक्सो, छालाको संक्रमणमा लाभदायक छ।
    मुख रोग: किँकरको बोक्राको काढाले मुख धुने गर्नाले दाँत दुखाइ, मुखको घाउ, माढाको सुन्निएको अवस्थामा फाइदा गर्छ।

    प्रयोग विधि

    धूलो (पाउडर): किँकरको बोक्रा सुकाएर पिँधेर धूलो बनाइन्छ। ग्राम धूलो पानी वा शहदसँग मिसाएर खाने।
    काढा: बोक्रा वा पात उमालेर काढा बनाइन्छ। ५०१०० मिलिलिटर काढा दिनमा पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
    लेप: हाड मोचिएको वा घाउमा किँकरको पातको पेस्ट लगाउन सकिन्छ।
    गोंद: किँकरको गोंदलाई दूधसँग मिसाएर खानाले शरीर बलियो बनाउँछ।

    उत्पादन संरक्षण

    • कटाई: किँकरको बोक्रा, पात फलहरू सुक्खा मौसममा एकत्र गर्नुपर्छ।
    • सुकाउने: बोक्रा पातहरू छायाँमा सुकाएर भण्डारण गर्नुपर्छ।
    • संरक्षण: सुकेका भागहरू एयरटाइट कन्टेनरमा राख्नुपर्छ ताकि यसको गुण कायम रहोस्।

    निष्कर्ष

    किँकर एक बहुउपयोगी औषधीय रूख हो जसले मानिसहरूलाई धेरै रोगबाट बचाउन सक्छ। यसको प्रयोग आयुर्वेद, स्थानीय चिकित्सा घरेलु उपचारमा धेरै पुरानो समयदेखि हुँदै आएको छ। यसले पाचन, रक्तस्राव, हाड जोर्ने, संक्रमणजन्य रोग लगायत धेरै स्वास्थ्य समस्याहरूमा राम्रो असर गर्छ। तर, यसको सेवनमा मात्राको ध्यान दिनुपर्छ किनभने अधिक मात्रामा यसले पेट दुखाउन सक्छ। यसरी किँकर जस्ता पारम्परिक औषधीहरूको संरक्षण सही उपयोगले हाम्रो स्वास्थ्य रोगमुक्त बनाउन मद्दत गर्छ।

    1. Introduction

    Kikar, known by several names like किँकर, किरकिरात, सानो काँडे बबुल, or Kalo Kingkar, is a thorny tree that has been part of traditional medicine for centuries. Scientifically called Vachellia nilotica, it belongs to the Fabaceae family and is closely related to the acacia family. It grows mostly in hot, dry areas and is especially common in South Asia and Africa.

    People might look at this thorny tree and ignore it. But its bark, resin (gum), pods, and even thorns have strong medicinal value. In traditional Ayurvedic and folk medicine, it’s used to treat a wide range of problems like joint pain, bleeding disorders, diarrhea, and even cholera.

     

    2. Availability in Nepal and Other Countries

    Kikar is commonly found in the Terai and lower hilly regions of Nepal, especially in hot, dry, and less fertile lands. It grows well along the roadside, riverbanks, open fields, and fallow lands where there's enough sun.

    Apart from Nepal, Kikar is also widely found in:

    • India (Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh)
    • Pakistan
    • Bangladesh
    • Sri Lanka
    • African countries like Sudan, Egypt, and Kenya
    • Australia and the Middle East, though it's considered invasive in some of these places

    It’s a hardy plant that doesn’t need much care, making it a great resource in areas where other plants don’t grow easily.

     

    3. Physical Properties

    Here’s what the Kikar tree looks and feels like:

    • Height: Can grow up to 15–20 meters tall
    • Bark: Dark brown or nearly black; rough and deeply cracked
    • Leaves: Small, compound, feathery; similar to tamarind leaves
    • Thorns: Pairs of straight, white thorns grow at the base of each leaf
    • Flowers: Small, yellow, ball-shaped and fragrant, usually bloom in spring
    • Pods: Long, flat seed pods with bumps (each bump contains a seed)
    • Gum (Khoto): Sticky resin exudes from the bark when it is injured; this is dried and used for medicinal purposes

    It has a bitter, astringent, and slightly sweet taste. In Ayurveda, it's said to have “rooksha” (dry), “kashaya” (astringent), “tikta” (bitter) qualities and a “ushna” (hot) potency. This makes it ideal for balancing vata and kapha doshas.

     

    4. Medicinal Properties

    The different parts of the Kikar tree have many healing qualities. Here's a breakdown:

    Part Used

    Medicinal Action

    Bark

    Astringent, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic

    Gum (Khoto)

    Astringent, styptic (stops bleeding), demulcent

    Leaves

    Antibacterial, wound-healing

    Pods

    Digestive aid, anti-diarrheal

    Thorns

    Rarely used, but can be powdered for external pain-relief

    According to traditional medicine, it helps with:

    • Raktatisar (bloody dysentery)
    • Raktapitta (bleeding disorders)
    • Sandhivata (joint pain and arthritis)
    • Body aches and pains
    • Bone healing after fractures
    • Uterus strengthening
    • Controlling excessive bleeding
    • Cholera

    Its gum is especially valued. Just half to one teaspoon taken with warm water can help in controlling internal bleeding and stomach issues.

     

    5. Advantages of Kikar

    Here’s why Kikar is considered a powerful herbal remedy:

    • Grows easily even in poor soil
    • Available in almost every village
    • Nearly all parts of the plant are useful
    • Affordable and accessible natural medicine
    • Helps in both internal and external healing
    • Strong astringent property—great for stopping bleeding and healing wounds
    • Can be stored for long periods if dried properly

     

    6. Uses of Kikar in Traditional Medicine

    Let’s look at how people actually use Kikar in their daily lives:

    • Gum for Dysentery and Bleeding: ½ to 1 teaspoon of the gum (खोटो) mixed with warm water is taken 2–3 times a day. It’s very effective against bloody diarrhea, internal bleeding, and heavy periods.
    • Joint Pain: Bark decoction is used as a drink or added to bath water to relieve arthritis and muscle pain.
    • Fractures: The paste of bark is applied externally to help heal broken bones faster.
    • Cholera: In emergencies, the gum is given orally, and it helps in stopping vomiting and diarrhea quickly.
    • Uterus Strengthening: Women with a weak uterus or after childbirth are given Kikar gum to boost reproductive health.
    • Gargle for Sore Throat: Bark decoction can be used as a mouthwash to treat throat infections and mouth ulcers.
    • Skin Healing: Powdered bark can be applied on cuts, boils, or wounds to dry them up and promote faster healing.

     

    7. How to Use It (Dosage & Methods)

    Here’s how you can safely use Kikar for its health benefits:

    • Powder: 3–5 grams of dried bark or leaf powder mixed with honey or warm water
    • Khoto (Gum): ½ to 1 teaspoon with lukewarm water; taken 2–3 times a day
    • Decoction (Kaadha): Boil 30–50 grams of bark in 500 ml water until it reduces to half; drink this warm
    • External Paste: Make a thick paste with bark powder and water; apply to swollen joints or wounds
    • Vaginal Douche: Bark decoction can be used to cleanse and strengthen the uterus (under expert guidance)

    Note: Always consult a trained herbalist or Ayurvedic practitioner before starting any herbal treatment, especially in serious conditions or pregnancy.

     

    8. Harvesting and Preservation

    • Harvest Time: Gum is best collected during the hot and dry months when it naturally seeps from the tree. Bark and leaves can be collected year-round.
    • How to Collect: Use a clean blade to lightly cut the bark. The sticky resin (gum) will start coming out. Let it dry naturally and then collect it in a clean container.
    • Drying: Bark and leaves should be sun-dried in the shade to preserve their medicinal value.
    • Storage: Once dry, store in an airtight glass jar or paper pouch away from moisture and sunlight. Gum can last for years if kept dry.

     

    9. Conclusion

    Kikar, or Vachellia nilotica, is more than just a thorny tree in the wild. It's a traditional healer packed with powerful medicinal properties. From treating diarrhea and joint pain to strengthening the uterus and healing wounds, this humble tree has proven itself again and again in folk and Ayurvedic medicine.

    In rural areas, where modern medicines might not always be accessible, Kikar is a gift of nature—affordable, effective, and deeply rooted in Nepali healing traditions.

    Whether you're an herbal enthusiast, a practitioner, or someone just looking to explore local healing plants, Kikar is definitely one herb you shouldn’t ignore. Respect its power, use it wisely, and it can be a great ally in natural healing.

    Reference

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    Thursday

    Sano Sunpati, सानो सुनपाती , किमासुर, Rhododendron anthopogon

     

    Sano Sunpati, सानो सुनपाती , किमासुर, Rhododendron anthopogon

    यो २००० मिटरतिर पाइने सानो खालको प्याजी रातो फुल्ने हुन्छ सानो पात बास्ना कम दिने हुन्छ यसको काम, गुण, धर्म सुनपाती समान नै हो यसको अर्क वात-व्याधिमा लाभ पुऱ्याउँछ। यसले दम, खोकी, पिनास, मधुमेह, श्वासनलीको रोगमा राम्रो काम गरी सन्चो पार्छ मात्रा : अर्क

      : १०-१५ ग्राम - पटक धूलो - ग्राम, अत्तर - थोपा, काँढापानी / माना, लेदो ग्राम - पटक यसको फूल चुस्नाले विशेष लाभ मिल्छ

      परिचय

      सानो सुनपाती (Rhododendron anthopogon) नेपालको हिमाली क्षेत्रमा पाइने एक प्रमुख जडीबुटी हो। यसलाई किमासुर, सानो सुनपाती वा धवल पुष्प पनि भनिन्छ। यो रोडोडेन्ड्रोन (Rhododendron) परिवारमा पर्छ नेपालको पहाडी तथा हिमाली क्षेत्रमा प्राकृतिक रूपमा उम्रने गर्छ। यसको फूल पात दुबै औषधीय गुणले भरपूर हुन्छन्। आयुर्वेदिक, तिब्बती स्थानिय चिकित्सा पद्धतिमा यसको प्रयोग लामो समयदेखि गरिँदै आएको छ।

      उपलब्धता

      सानो सुनपाती नेपालको २००० मिटरदेखि ४००० मिटर समको उचाईमा पाइन्छ। यो विशेष गरी हिमाली क्षेत्र जस्तै लङटाङ, मनाङ, डोल्पा, मुस्ताङ, रसुवा, सोलुखुम्बु लगायतका जिल्लाहरूमा पाइन्छ। नेपाल बाहिर यो भारत (हिमाचल प्रदेश, उत्तराखण्ड, सिक्किम), तिब्बत, भूटान पाकिस्तानको हिमाली भेगमा पनि पाइन्छ।

      शारीरिक गुण

      • वनस्पति: सानो सुनपाती सानो आकारको झाडी हो जसको उचाई देखि फिटसम्म हुन्छ।
      • पात: यसका पात साना, अण्डाकार, चम्किला हरिया सुगन्धित हुन्छन्।
      • फूल: फूलहरू साना, गुलाबी, रातो वा सेतो रंगका हुन्छन्। फूलहरूमा मीठो सुगन्ध हुन्छ।
      • बोट: यसको बोट कडा हुन्छ यसको छाला पातलो हुन्छ।

      औषधीय गुण

      सानो सुनपातीमा निम्न औषधीय गुणहरू पाइन्छन्:

      • रुचिकारक: यसले पाचन शक्ति बढाउँछ।
      • कफनाशक: यसले खोकी, दम, श्वासप्रश्वास सम्बन्धी समस्यामा राम्रो असर गर्छ।
      • वातशामक: यसले जोर्नी दुखाइ, स्नायु दुखाइ, गठिया जस्ता वातजन्य रोगहरूमा लाभदायक हुन्छ।
      • ज्वरनाशक: यसले ज्वर घटाउन मद्दत गर्छ।
      • मधुमेहनियन्त्रण: यसले रक्तशर्करा नियन्त्रण गर्न सहयोग पुर्याउँछ।
      • सुगन्धित तेल: यसको अत्तर (तेल) सुगन्धित हुन्छ मानिसको मन शान्त पार्छ।

      फाइदा

      • श्वासनलीको संक्रमण अस्थमा जस्ता रोगहरूमा प्रभावकारी।
      • पाचनतन्त्रलाई सुधार गर्छ।
      • जोर्नी दुखाइ, गठिया स्नायु दुखाइमा आराम दिन्छ।
      • मानिसको तनाव घटाउन मद्दत गर्छ।
      • मुटु फोक्सोको स्वास्थ्यका लागि फाइदाजनक।

      प्रयोग विधि

      सानो सुनपाती विभिन्न रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ:

      1. अर्क (काढा): १०-१५ ग्राम अर्क दिनमा - पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ। यो वातजन्य रोगमा विशेष लाभदायी हुन्छ।
      2. धूलो (पाउडर): - ग्राम धूलो गर्म पानी वा शहदसँग मिसाएर खाने।
      3. अत्तर (तेल): - थोपा अत्तर नाकमा हाल्ने वा मालिश गर्ने।
      4. काँढापानी: - माना काँढापानी (हर्बल टी) बनाएर पिउने।
      5. लेदो (पेस्ट):  ग्राम लेदो दिनमा - पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
      6. फूल चुस्ने: फूल चुस्नाले विशेष गरी श्वासप्रश्वास सम्बन्धी समस्यामा फाइदा हुन्छ।

      संकलन संरक्षण

      • संकलन समय: यसको फूल बसन्त ऋतुमा (मार्च-मे) तथा पात वर्षभर संकलन गर्न सकिन्छ।
      • संरक्षण विधि:
        • फूल पातलाई छायामा सुकाएर भण्डारण गर्न सकिन्छ।
        • सुकेका पात फूलहरूलाई एयरटाइट कन्टेनरमा राख्नुपर्छ।
        • अर्क, तेल वा पाउडर बनाएर लामो समयसम्म प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ।

      निष्कर्ष

      सानो सुनपाती (Rhododendron anthopogon) नेपालको हिमाली क्षेत्रमा पाइने एक महत्त्वपूर्ण जडीबुटी हो। यसले श्वासप्रश्वास सम्बन्धी रोग, वातजन्य समस्या, मधुमेह, ज्वर आदिमा राम्रो असर गर्छ। यसको फूल, पात, अत्तर, काढा आदि विभिन्न रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको उचित संकलन, प्रयोग संरक्षणले दीर्घकालीन स्वास्थ्य लाभ प्रदान गर्न सक्छ। त्यसैले, यसको संरक्षण सतत प्रयोगलाई बढावा दिनुपर्छ।

      Rhododendron anthopogon, commonly known as Sano Sunpati, सुनपाती, or Kimashur, is a small, aromatic shrub native to the high-altitude regions of the Himalayas. This evergreen plant is cherished in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties and is also used in incense and essential oils.

       

      Introduction

      Sano Sunpati is a low-growing shrub that thrives in the alpine regions of the Himalayas. It is known for its aromatic leaves and small, bell-shaped flowers that range in color from white to pale yellow or pink. The plant has been used for centuries in traditional medicine, particularly in Tibetan and Nepalese practices, to treat various ailments.

       

      Availability in Nepal and Other Countries

      In Nepal, Rhododendron anthopogon is found at elevations between 3,000 to 5,100 meters, particularly in regions like Solukhumbu, Karnali, and other central and western parts of the country. Beyond Nepal, it is distributed across the Himalayan range, including areas in India (such as Sikkim and Kashmir), Bhutan, and Tibet.

       

      Physical Properties

      • Height: Typically grows to about 30–60 cm.
      • Leaves: Small, oval to obovate, dark green on the upper surface, and densely covered with brown scales underneath.
      • Flowers: Bell-shaped, appearing in clusters, with colors ranging from white to pale yellow or pink.
      • Aroma: Sweet herbal scent with faint balsamic notes.
      • Essential Oil: Pale yellow in color, extracted through steam distillation of the leaves and flowers.

       

      Medicinal Properties

      Rhododendron anthopogon possesses several medicinal properties:

      • Respiratory Health: Used to treat coughs, colds, and bronchitis.
      • Digestive Aid: Helps in stimulating appetite and relieving indigestion.
      • Liver Support: Beneficial for liver disorders.
      • Anti-inflammatory: Applied topically to reduce inflammation.
      • General Tonic: Used to combat fatigue and general weakness.

       

      Advantages

      • Natural Remedy: Offers a natural alternative for treating common ailments.
      • Aromatic Uses: Its pleasant scent makes it suitable for incense and aromatherapy.
      • Economic Value: Harvesting and processing provide income for local communities.
      • Cultural Significance: Holds importance in traditional rituals and practices.

       

      Uses

      • Herbal Tea: Leaves and flowers are brewed to make a tea that aids digestion and respiratory health.
      • Incense: Dried leaves are used in incense for their aromatic properties.
      • Essential Oil: Extracted oil is used in aromatherapy, cosmetics, and perfumes.
      • Topical Applications: Leaf paste applied to inflamed areas to reduce swelling.
      • Steam Inhalation: Boiled leaves used for inhalation to relieve respiratory issues.

       

      Using Method

      • Tea Preparation: Steep dried leaves and flowers in hot water for several minutes; strain and drink.
      • Incense Making: Crush dried leaves into a coarse powder and mix with other ingredients to form incense sticks or cones.
      • Essential Oil Application: Apply diluted oil to the skin or use in a diffuser for aromatherapy.
      • Topical Paste: Grind fresh leaves into a paste and apply to affected areas.
      • Steam Inhalation: Boil leaves in water and inhale the steam to alleviate respiratory symptoms.

       

      Harvesting and Preservation

      • Harvesting Season: August to November, after the rainy season.
      • Collection Method: Leaves and flowers are handpicked by local collectors, often requiring a two-day journey to reach the collection sites.
      • Preservation: Dried in the shade to retain medicinal properties; stored in airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption.
      • Essential Oil Extraction: Steam distillation of fresh leaves and flowers to obtain the oil.

       

      Conclusion

      Rhododendron anthopogon, or Sano Sunpati, is a valuable plant both medicinally and economically. Its wide range of uses, from treating common ailments to its role in cultural practices, underscores its importance in the Himalayan regions. Sustainable harvesting and preservation are crucial to ensure that this natural resource continues to benefit future generations.

      Reference

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