अतिस (Aconite Root) ~ NepalAyurveds.com

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अतिस (Aconite Root)

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वैज्ञानिक नाम: Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle

परिवार: Ranunculaceae

परिचय:

अतिस एक बहुवर्षीय झार हो जुन करिब १.३ मिटरसम्म

अग्लो हुन्छ। यसको पातहरू ४ देखि ५ खण्डमा फाटेका हुन्छन्, र प्रत्येक खण्ड अझ बढी फाटेको हुन्छ। पातको गोलाइ ५ देखि १० से.मी हुन्छ। तल्लो पातहरूमा भेट्नु हुन्छ भने माथिल्लो पातहरूमा भेट्नु हुँदैन। माथि तिरका पातहरूमा धेरै खण्ड हुँदैन। फूल हल्का झुस भएको, गाढा निलो रंगको हुन्छ र प्याजी रंगका नशाहरू पाइन्छन्। फूलहरू जेठ-असारमा फुल्छन्, र श्रावण-भाद्रमा फल लाग्छ।

उपलब्धता र प्राकृतिक वितरण:

अतिस नेपालका मध्य-पश्चिम क्षेत्रहरूमा पाइन्छ। यो झार मुख्य रूपमा ३२०० देखि ३७०० मीटरको उचाइमा पाइन्छ। यो मुख्य रूपमा झाडी बुट्यान भएको क्षेत्रहरू र घाँसे मैदानहरूमा भेटिन्छ। यो वनस्पति हिमाली क्षेत्रको ठन्डा र चिसो जलवायुमा राम्रोसँग फस्टाउँछ। यसको उपस्थिति मध्य-पश्चिम नेपालमा बढी पाइन्छ, तर अन्य क्षेत्रमा पनि सीमित संख्यामा पाइन्छ।

सङ्कलन समय र व्यापारमा प्रयोग हुने भाग:

• सङ्कलन समय: कार्तिकदेखि मंसिरसम्म

• व्यापारमा प्रयोग हुने भाग: गानो (तना)

व्यापारमा प्रयोग हुने भाग अतिसको गानो हो, जसलाई मुख्य रूपमा जरा र गानोका रूपमा चिनिन्छ। यसको स्वाद तितो हुन्छ, र यो १ देखि १.५ से.मी व्यास भएको हुन्छ। यो फेदतिर मसिनो हुँदै गएको र थोरै हाँगाविँगाहरू भएको हुन्छ। यसको बोक्रा खैरो रंगको हुन्छ र स-साना जराहरू गानोबाट निस्कन्छन्। यसको संरचना तथा रंगका कारण यो सहजै चिनिन्छ, र यो उच्च हिमाली क्षेत्रमा सङ्कलन गरिन्छ।

प्रयोग, गुण, र फाइदाहरू:

अतिस जरा धेरै औषधीय गुणहरूका लागि प्रसिद्ध छ। यसको गानोमा ब्तष्कष्लभ नामक वनस्पतिक रसायन पाइन्छ, जसले यसलाई धेरै प्रकारका रोगहरूको उपचारमा प्रयोग गर्न मिल्ने बनाउँछ। अतिसको गानो खोकी र ज्वरोमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

अतिस जरा तागत र फुर्ति बढाउने औषधीको रूपमा पनि प्रख्यात छ। यो कमजोरी, थकान, र उर्जा कमीमा औषधीको रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। अतिसलाई दाँत दुख्दा, रक्तचाप नियन्त्रण गर्न, र शरीर सुन्निने समस्या भएका व्यक्तिहरूको उपचारमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

यो वनस्पति पशुहरूको उपचारमा पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ। विशेष रूपमा, यसको जरा पशुको खुट्टामा लागेका घाउहरूमा लगाइन्छ जसले कि किरा र कीटाणुहरूलाई नष्ट गर्छ। यो ग्रामीण भेगमा पशुपालनमा प्रयोग हुने बहुमूल्य जडीबुटी हो, जहाँ पशुहरू किसानहरूको प्रमुख सम्पत्ति हो।

यद्यपि, अतिसका धेरै प्रजातिहरू विषालु हुन्छन्, जसका कारण यसको प्रयोग गर्दा सावधानी अपनाउनु आवश्यक छ। सही मात्रामा नलिइएको खण्डमा यसको विषालु प्रभाव पर्न सक्छ। अतिस जरा विशिष्ट रूपमा आयुर्वेदिक औषधीको रूपमा पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ र यसको लोकप्रियता घरेलु औषधी बजारमा दिनप्रतिदिन बढ्दो छ।

संरक्षण अवस्था वा व्यापारिक महत्त्व:

अतिसलाई नेपाल सरकारले विलुप्तप्राय वनस्पतिहरूको सूचीमा राखेको छ। यसलाई बचाउनको लागि संरक्षण प्रयासहरू गरिएका छन्। यो वनस्पति प्राकृतिक रूपमा सीमित क्षेत्रमा मात्र पाइन्छ, जसले गर्दा यसको सङ्कलन गर्दा सावधानी अपनाउनु पर्ने हुन्छ। यसको अत्यधिक माग र ठूला मात्रामा सङ्कलनले यसको संख्या घट्दै गएको छ।

अतिसको व्यापारिक महत्त्व पनि ठूलो छ, विशेष रूपमा औषधीय बजारमा। यसको गुणहरूका कारण यो विभिन्न औषधिहरूमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यद्यपि यसको व्यापारमा ध्यान दिँदा संरक्षणका उपायहरू अवलम्बन गरिनु आवश्यक छ, ताकि यसको दीर्घकालीन उपलब्धता सुनिश्चित गर्न सकियोस्।

Introduction:

Attis, more commonly known as Aconite, is an erect perennial herb that reaches a height of approximately 1 meter. This plant belongs to the Ranunculaceae family and has leaves that are unique in shape, being circular, five-lobed with fine hairs. Each of the lobes on the leaf is dentate in appearance. The edge of the leaf has a serrated, tooth-like appearance. Flowers are colored bluish and are arranged as long, one-sided spikes. These are highly beautiful flowers that come into bloom in the months of July and August, thereby giving color to high altitude slopes on which this plant grows.

Availability and Natural Distribution:

It is endemic to Western and Central Nepal, ranging from 2,000 to 4,000 meters in altitude. In general, Attis, in the Himalayas, is found on open slopes in the subalpine and alpine zones. Those high-altitude areas offer the right medium for the growth of Attis: cold and with well-drained rocky ground. Due to being narrowly distributed, it is one of those important species in Nepal that contributes to the nation's rich biodiversity.

Harvesting Time and Parts Used in Trade:

Time of Harvesting: During October to December

Part Used in Trade: Tuber

Tuber is the main part of Attis, which is used in trade. The root is bitter in taste, 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter, and tapering towards the apex. These are less branched, having small roots arising from the rhizome. The tuber bark is brown in color, and that is easy to distinguish for the gatherers as well as traders. Since the plant grows in remote areas, the collection of tubers becomes labor-intensive, often at the cost of engaging the local communities.

Uses, Properties and Benefits:

Traditionally, Attis root is used in a number of Nepalese and Himalayan folk medicines. A very common use of the plant is for colds and coughs. Its juice is administered to persons who have respiratory problems and helps to reduce symptoms of phlegm and congestion.

As if the treatment of colds were not enough, Attis has also found another use in cattle care. The infusion from the root is applied to wounds in hooves because it is able to drive out worms and kill germs to help in faster healing. This has made Attis invaluable in rural communities who depend on their cattle to make a living.

Attis energizes and is also reputed for its tonic properties, by which it helps to enhance one's energy and stamina. In herbalist medicine, it is put to various uses in treating Fatigue and to promote overall well-being. The usage of this herb should be cautious by nature and may result in adverse effects if improperly used.

Conservation Status or Commercial Importance:

Under the CAMP, Attis is recorded as Vulnerable. The Government of Nepal has identified the cultivation and conservation of this vital medicinal herb. As its distribution in the wild is restricted and demand in traditional medicine increases, there is a fear that it may become threatened in the wild due to over-harvesting. Such a fact calls for the establishment of methods of sustainable harvesting and cultivation through community-based projects.

The Attis holds commercial value, specifically for herbal medicine trade. Medicinal value makes the herb in demand in the local as well as an international market. Its commercial use thus needs to balance with its conservation so that it may be available for future generations.

Reference

Hindi To Nepali Dictionary Words Starting From बो

100 Common Nepali Slang Words with Hindi Translation: A Fun Guide to Understanding Nepali Conversations

Bridging Cultures: Daily Use Hindi Sentences in Parties with Nepali Meaning

Daily Hindi Sentences for Kids with Nepali Translations: A Simple Guide

Daily Office Sentences: Essential Hindi-Nepali Translations for Everyday Use

Daily Use Hindi Sentences for Parents with Nepali Meanings: A Guide for Everyday Conversations

Daily Use Hindi Sentences for Students with Nepali Meaning

Essential Daily Sentences for Market Conversations: Hindi to Nepali and Vice-Versa

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