यो पहाडी क्षेत्रका पाखोपखेरामा ५०-६० फिटका अग्लो रूखहरू हुन्छन् । यसको कलिलो रतछाँया पात अमिलो मीठो अलि टर्रो लाग्दछ । यो अमिलो पात पालुवामा नयाँ पात टर्रो, ठन्डा र स्वादिलो हुन्छ । यसले समस्त रक्तविकार,
परिचय
काभ्रो
(अम्लपत्रक, Ficus
lacor) नेपालका पहाडी क्षेत्रमा पाइने एक औषधीय रूख
हो। यो रूख ५०-६० फिट अग्लो
हुन्छ र पाखोपखेरामा प्रायः
पाइन्छ। यसको पात कलिलो,
रतछाँया र अमिलो मीठो
स्वादको हुन्छ। यसको पातलाई पालुवामा
नयाँ पात टर्रो, ठन्डा
र स्वादिलो मानिन्छ। काभ्रोको विभिन्न भागहरू आयुर्वेदिक चिकित्सामा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसले धेरै रोगहरूको
उपचार गर्न सक्छ भन्ने
विश्वास गरिन्छ।
गुणधर्म
काभ्रोको
पात, बोक्रा, रस, फूल र
फल सबै औषधीय गुणले
भरपूर हुन्छन्। यसको पात अमिलो,
टर्रो र ठन्डा गुण
भएको हुन्छ। यसले शरीरमा पित्तदोष,
रक्तविकार, तिर्खा, विषमज्वर जस्ता समस्याहरूको निवारण गर्न सक्छ। यसले
शरीरलाई तृप्ति दिन्छ र मुखको स्वाद
बढाउँछ। यसको पातले विषदोष
निवारण गर्ने क्षमता पनि छ।
फाइदा
काभ्रोले
धेरै स्वास्थ्य समस्याहरूको उपचार गर्न सक्छ। यसले
समस्त रक्तविकार, दुबी, कुष्ठ, दाद, संग्रहणी, मासिक
अधर्म, अर्बुद, गाँठा-गिर्खा आउने, चिफ्लो आउँ, अजीर्ण, अपच,
पित्तदोष, तिर्खा, विषमज्वर, हैजा जस्ता रोगहरूको
उपचार गर्न सक्छ। यसको
पातले मुटुको स्वास्थ्यलाई पनि राम्रो बनाउँछ।
यसले शरीरलाई ठन्डा र तृप्ति दिन्छ
र मनलाई शान्त बनाउँछ।
प्रयोग विधि
काभ्रोको
विभिन्न भागहरू विभिन्न तरिकाले प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको पातलाई ताजा
अचार, तरकारी र काच्चै पातको
रूपमा खान सकिन्छ। यसले
शरीरलाई तृप्ति दिन्छ र मुखको स्वाद
बढाउँछ। यसको पातलाई सुकाएर
चूर्ण बनाएर पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
यसको चूर्णलाई पानीमा घोलेर पिउन सकिन्छ। यसको
रसलाई पनि औषधीको रूपमा
प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
तयारी विधि
काभ्रोको
पातलाई ताजा अवस्थामा प्रयोग
गर्न सकिन्छ। यसको पातलाई सुकाएर
चूर्ण बनाएर पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
यसको चूर्णलाई पानीमा घोलेर पिउन सकिन्छ। यसको
रसलाई पनि औषधीको रूपमा
प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको पातलाई पालुवामा
नयाँ पात टर्रो, ठन्डा
र स्वादिलो बनाएर खान सकिन्छ। यसको
पातलाई ताजा अचार, तरकारी
र काच्चै पातको रूपमा खान सकिन्छ।
मात्रा
काभ्रोको
प्रयोग गर्दा मात्राको ध्यान दिनुपर्छ। यसको पातको चूर्ण
३-५ ग्राम लेदो
/ चूर्णको रूपमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ। यसको
सबै भागको काँढापानी १ / १ माना,
अर्क : १०-१५ ग्राम,
फूलरस १०-२० ग्राम
२-३ पटक प्रयोग
गर्न सकिन्छ।
निष्कर्ष
काभ्रो
(अम्लपत्रक, Ficus
lacor) नेपालका पहाडी क्षेत्रमा पाइने एक औषधीय रूख
हो। यसले धेरै स्वास्थ्य
समस्याहरूको उपचार गर्न सक्छ। यसको
पात, बोक्रा, रस, फूल र
फल सबै औषधीय गुणले
भरपूर हुन्छन्। यसले शरीरलाई तृप्ति
दिन्छ र मुखको स्वाद
बढाउँछ। यसले समस्त रक्तविकार,
दुबी, कुष्ठ, दाद, संग्रहणी, मासिक
अधर्म, अर्बुद, गाँठा-गिर्खा आउने, चिफ्लो आउँ, अजीर्ण, अपच,
पित्तदोष, तिर्खा, विषमज्वर, हैजा जस्ता रोगहरूको
उपचार गर्न सक्छ। यसको
पातले मुटुको स्वास्थ्यलाई पनि राम्रो बनाउँछ।
यसले शरीरलाई ठन्डा र तृप्ति दिन्छ
र मनलाई शान्त बनाउँछ। यसको प्रयोग गर्दा
मात्राको ध्यान दिनुपर्छ। यसको पातलाई ताजा
अचार, तरकारी र काच्चै पातको
रूपमा खान सकिन्छ। यसको
पातलाई सुकाएर चूर्ण बनाएर पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
यसको चूर्णलाई पानीमा घोलेर पिउन सकिन्छ। यसको
रसलाई पनि औषधीको रूपमा
प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको पातलाई पालुवामा
नयाँ पात टर्रो, ठन्डा
र स्वादिलो बनाएर खान सकिन्छ। यसको
पातलाई ताजा अचार, तरकारी
र काच्चै पातको रूपमा खान सकिन्छ। यसको
प्रयोग गर्दा मात्राको ध्यान दिनुपर्छ। यसको पातको चूर्ण
३-५ ग्राम लेदो
/ चूर्णको रूपमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ। यसको
सबै भागको काँढापानी १ / १ माना,
अर्क : १०-१५ ग्राम,
फूलरस १०-२० ग्राम
२-३ पटक प्रयोग
गर्न सकिन्छ। यसरी काभ्रोले धेरै
स्वास्थ्य समस्याहरूको उपचार गर्न सक्छ।
Ficus lacor, commonly known as Kavro in Nepal, is a large
evergreen tree belonging to the Moraceae family. It is native to various
regions across Asia and Australia and holds significant cultural, medicinal,
and nutritional value. In Nepal, particularly in the hilly areas, these trees
can reach heights of 50 to 60 feet and are often found gracing the landscapes
with their dense foliage. The young, reddish-tinted leaves of Kavro are notable
for their slightly sour and astringent taste, making them a popular ingredient
in local cuisines.
Properties of Ficus lacor
Ficus lacor is rich in various phytochemicals that
contribute to its medicinal properties. The plant contains compounds such as
α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol, stigmasterol, and campesterol. These bioactive
constituents are known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and
antimicrobial activities. Additionally, the presence of tannins and polyphenols
enhances its therapeutic potential, especially in wound healing and managing
skin disorders. The leaves have been reported to exhibit estrogenic activity, which
may have implications in addressing hormonal imbalances.
Advantages and Uses
Traditionally, various parts of the Ficus lacor tree have
been utilized in folk medicine to treat a plethora of ailments:
- Skin
Disorders: The leaves are applied topically to treat conditions like
eczema, ringworm, and other dermatological issues. Their astringent nature
helps in drying out wounds and preventing infections.
- Gastrointestinal
Issues: Decoctions made from the bark are consumed to alleviate
gastric ulcers, dysentery, and diarrhea. The bark's anthelmintic
properties are also employed to expel intestinal worms.
- Women's
Health: The bark decoction is used for menstrual disorders and
leucorrhoea, providing relief from excessive discharge and associated
discomforts.
- Wound
Healing: Ointments prepared from the stem bark have shown efficacy in
managing non-healing ulcers, promoting healthy granulation, and reducing
inflammation.
- Respiratory
Health: The plant is used in traditional medicine to address
respiratory issues, though specific applications are less documented.
Beyond medicinal uses, the young buds, locally known as
"Surulo," are consumed as vegetables or pickled, providing
nutritional benefits. The seeds are considered tonic and are used to treat
stomach disorders.
Methods of Use and Preparation
The application of Ficus lacor varies depending on the
intended use:
- Topical
Applications: For skin ailments and wound healing, fresh leaves or
bark are ground into a paste and applied directly to the affected area.
Alternatively, ointments can be prepared by incorporating the powdered
bark into a suitable base, such as clarified butter or oils.
- Decoctions
and Infusions: To address internal issues like gastrointestinal
disturbances or menstrual disorders, decoctions are made by boiling the
bark or leaves in water. Typically, a standard measure involves boiling
10-15 grams of the plant material in water until the volume reduces by
half, then consuming the strained liquid.
- Culinary
Uses: Young leaves and buds are harvested, thoroughly washed, and can
be consumed raw in salads or cooked as vegetables. They are also pickled
to enhance their shelf life and flavor.
Preparation Guidelines
- Harvesting:
Collect young, tender leaves and buds during the early spring when they
are most flavorful and rich in nutrients.
- Cleaning:
Rinse the harvested parts thoroughly under running water to remove any
dirt or impurities.
- Culinary
Preparation:
- Salads:
Chop the fresh leaves and buds and mix them with other vegetables, adding
salt, lemon juice, and spices to taste.
- Cooking:
Sauté the cleaned leaves with garlic, onions, and tomatoes, seasoning
with turmeric and salt. Cook until tender and serve with rice or bread.
- Pickling:
Blanch the leaves and buds in boiling water for a few minutes, then
immerse them in a mixture of mustard oil, salt, turmeric, and chili
powder. Store in sterilized jars and allow them to marinate for a week
before consumption.
Medicinal Preparation:
- Decoction:
Boil 10-15 grams of dried bark or leaves in 250 ml of water until the
volume reduces by half. Strain and consume the decoction twice daily.
- Ointment:
Dry the stem bark and grind it into a fine powder. Mix the powder with an
equal amount of melted beeswax and a suitable carrier oil (such as
coconut or sesame oil). Heat the mixture gently until well combined, then
allow it to cool and solidify. Apply the ointment to affected areas once
or twice daily.
Conclusion
Ficus lacor stands as a testament to the profound
relationship between nature and traditional medicine. Its diverse applications,
ranging from culinary delights to therapeutic remedies, highlight its
significance in various cultures, especially in regions like Nepal. The rich
phytochemical composition of the plant underpins its medicinal properties,
offering natural solutions to common health issues. Incorporating Ficus lacor
into daily practices not only preserves traditional knowledge but also promotes
holistic well-being. As with any medicinal plant, it is advisable to consult
with healthcare professionals before initiating any form of treatment to ensure
safety and efficacy.
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काठेकार, फर्कफल, काठआँवली, Averrhoe acida :
Kaaulo, काउलो, कोह, नाकेम, नेपाली अर्जुन, Kaulo Arjuna, Machilus dutbiei
Kaalo Punarnawaa, कालो पुनर्नवा, Black Patagon
Seti Kareli, सेती करेली, तितेकरेली राम्री, तिताकरेल, Bitter Gourd
Thulo Pahelo Kapaas, ठूलो पहेँलो कपास बिरुवा, Cotton Yellow, Gossypiun birsutam
Kapas, कपास, सूत्रपुष्प, Cotton, Gossypiun herbaceum
Thulo Karkalo, ठूलो कर्कलो, मानकन्द, माने Gaint Taro, Alocaria species
Alocaria speciesThulo Karkaloठूलो कर्कलोमानकन्दमाने Gaint Taro
Katahar, कटहर, Artocarpus beterophyllus
Bans Bata Baneko Kaagaj, बाँसबाट बनेको कागज, Paper From Bamboo
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