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Kade Tarul, काँडेतरुल, बासगोई, Yam, Dioscorea esculenta

यो १० वटासम्म कन्दहरू हुने, काण्डको फेद जरामा काँडा भएको, काण्ड र भेट्नुमा धेरै रौं, पात फुस्रा मुटु आकारका, पोथी फूल लामो हुन्छ भने भाले १५ से.मि. हुन्छ । यसको गाना स्वादिष्ठ, मीठो, रक्तवर्द्धक, जीवनीयतत्त्वरक्षक मानिन्छ । मात्रा : ३-५ ग्राम उसिनेर १०-२० ग्राम, काच्चो

५-१० ग्राम, काँढापानी १ / १ माना, अर्क २०-३० ग्राम २-३ पटक ।

परिचय (Introduction)

काँडेतरुल (Dioscorea esculenta) एक प्रकारको कन्दमूल हो जुन नेपाल लगायत दक्षिण एसिया, दक्षिणपूर्व एसिया र प्रशान्त महासागर क्षेत्रमा पाइन्छ। यसलाई बासगोई, यम (Yam) वा काँडेतरुल भनेर चिनिन्छ। यसको वैज्ञानिक नाम Dioscorea esculenta हो। यो एक पोषणयुक्त खाद्य पदार्थ हो जसले मानव शरीरलाई आवश्यक पोषक तत्वहरू प्रदान गर्दछ। यसको कन्दमूल मुख्य रूपमा खाद्य रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको काण्डमा काँडा हुन्छ र पातहरू मुटु आकारका हुन्छन्। यसको फूल लामो हुन्छ र यो औषधीय गुणले भरपूर हुन्छ।

गुणधर्म (Properties)

काँडेतरुलको गुणधर्म निम्नानुसार छन्:

रुचि (Taste): मीठो र स्वादिष्ट
गुण (Quality): पोषक, रक्तवर्द्धक, जीवनीय तत्त्वरक्षक
प्रभाव (Effect): शरीरलाई शक्ति प्रदान गर्ने, रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता बढाउने
तासिर (Potency): उष्ण (गर्म)

फाइदा (Advantages)

काँडेतरुलको निम्न फाइदाहरू छन्:

रक्तवर्द्धक: यसले रक्तको मात्रा बढाउन मद्दत गर्दछ।
पोषक तत्त्व: यसमा प्रोटिन, भिटामिन, मिनरल, र फाइबर प्रचुर मात्रामा हुन्छ।
जीवनीय तत्त्वरक्षक: यसले शरीरका आवश्यक तत्त्वहरू जस्तै भिटामिन र मिनरलहरू संरक्षण गर्दछ।
पाचन शक्ति बढाउने: यसले पाचन प्रणालीलाई सुधार गर्दछ।
रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता: यसले शरीरको रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता बढाउन मद्दत गर्दछ।

प्रयोग (Uses)

काँडेतरुललाई निम्न प्रकारले प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ:

खाद्य रूपमा: यसलाई उसिनेर, पकाएर, वा काँढापानी बनाएर खाने गरिन्छ।
औषधीय रूपमा: यसलाई रक्तवर्द्धक, पोषक, र जीवनीय तत्त्वरक्षकको रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
पारम्परिक चिकित्सामा: यसलाई विभिन्न रोगहरूको उपचारको लागि प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

प्रयोग विधि (Using Method)

काँडेतरुललाई निम्न विधिहरूले प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ:

उसिनेर: ३-५ ग्राम काँडेतरुल उसिनेर १०-२० ग्राम मात्रामा सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
काँढापानी: १:१ अनुपातमा काँढापानी बनाएर सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
काच्चो: ५-१० ग्राम काच्चो काँडेतरुल सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
अर्क: २०-३० ग्राम अर्क दिनमा २-३ पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।

खेती र संग्रहण विधि (Harvesting Method)

काँडेतरुलको खेती र संग्रहण विधि निम्नानुसार छ:

खेती: यसलाई उष्ण र उपोष्ण क्षेत्रमा खेती गरिन्छ। यसको लागि उचित माटो र पानीको व्यवस्था आवश्यक छ।
संग्रहण: कन्दहरू पाकेपछि खनिएर संग्रहण गरिन्छ। यसको कन्दलाई सुकाएर वा ताजा अवस्थामा प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ।

निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)

काँडेतरुल एक पोषणयुक्त र औषधीय गुणले भरपूर कन्दमूल हो। यसले शरीरलाई आवश्यक पोषक तत्वहरू प्रदान गर्दछ र विभिन्न रोगहरूबाट बचाउन मद्दत गर्दछ। यसलाई खाद्य र औषधीय दुवै रूपमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ। यसको खेती र संग्रहण विधि सजिलो छ र यसले किसानहरूलाई आर्थिक रूपमा फाइदा पुर्याउन सक्छ। यसरी काँडेतरुल नेपाली समाजमा एक महत्वपूर्ण खाद्य र औषधीय पदार्थको रूपमा रहेको छ।

Introduction

Dioscorea esculenta, commonly known as Kade Tarul, काँडेतरुल, or basgoi in Nepal, is a species of yam belonging to the Dioscoreaceae family. This perennial herbaceous vine is native to Southeast Asia and is cultivated for its edible tubers. The plant is characterized by its thorny stems at the base, hairy vines and nodes, and pale, heart-shaped leaves. The female flowers are notably longer than the male flowers, which typically measure around 15 centimeters. Dioscorea esculenta is esteemed for its nutritional and medicinal properties, making it a valuable resource in traditional diets and healthcare practices.

Properties

The tubers of Dioscorea esculenta are rich in essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They serve as a significant source of energy and are particularly valued for their high starch content. Additionally, these yams contain bioactive compounds such as diosgenin, saponins, and flavonoids, which contribute to their medicinal properties. Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, is notable for its role as a precursor in the synthesis of various steroid hormones. The presence of these compounds endows the tubers with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

Advantages

Incorporating Dioscorea esculenta into the diet offers numerous health benefits:

Nutritional Value: The tubers provide a substantial amount of carbohydrates and dietary fiber, supporting energy needs and promoting digestive health.
Antioxidant Properties: The presence of bioactive compounds helps in neutralizing free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress and potentially lowering the risk of chronic diseases.
Anti-inflammatory Effects: Compounds such as diosgenin exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which may aid in managing inflammatory conditions.
Antimicrobial Activity: The tubers have demonstrated antimicrobial properties, contributing to their use in traditional medicine for treating infections.
Blood-Enriching and Vitality-Enhancing: Traditional beliefs hold that consuming these yams can enrich the blood and enhance overall vitality.

Uses

Dioscorea esculenta is utilized in various ways:

Culinary Uses: The tubers are consumed as a staple food in many cultures. They can be boiled, baked, roasted, or fried and are often used in soups, stews, and curries.
Medicinal Uses: Traditionally, the tubers have been used to treat ailments such as diarrhea, dysentery, and skin diseases. The sap of the tuber is applied to affected areas to treat peeling skin on the feet.
Industrial Uses: Diosgenin extracted from the tubers is utilized in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of steroid hormones.

Methods of Use

The recommended dosages and methods of consumption are as follows:

Boiled Tubers: Consume 10-20 grams of boiled tuber.
Raw Tubers: Consume 5-10 grams of raw tuber.
Decoction: Prepare a decoction using equal parts of the tuber and water (1:1 ratio) and consume 20-30 grams, 2-3 times daily.
Extract: Take 20-30 grams of the tuber extract, 2-3 times daily.

It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medicinal regimen, especially for individuals with underlying health conditions or those taking other medications.

Harvesting Method

The optimal harvesting period for Dioscorea esculenta is typically 6-10 months after planting, depending on the growing conditions and desired tuber size. Indicators of maturity include yellowing and drying of the vine. Harvesting involves the following steps:

Soil Preparation: Loosen the soil around the base of the plant carefully to avoid damaging the tubers.
Tubers Extraction: Gently lift the tubers from the soil, ensuring all are collected, as they can grow in clusters of up to ten.
Cleaning: Remove soil and debris from the tubers by brushing or washing them lightly.
Curing: Allow the tubers to dry in a well-ventilated, shaded area for several days to enhance their shelf life.
Storage: Store the cured tubers in a cool, dry place to prevent spoilage.

Proper handling during harvesting and post-harvest processes is crucial to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life of the tubers.

Conclusion

Dioscorea esculenta, or Kade Tarul, is a versatile plant valued for its nutritional, medicinal, and industrial applications. Its rich nutrient profile and bioactive compounds make it a beneficial addition to the diet and a valuable resource in traditional medicine. Incorporating this yam into daily consumption can offer various health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Proper cultivation, harvesting, and preparation methods are essential to maximize its benefits and ensure sustainability. As with any medicinal plant, it is advisable to consult healthcare professionals before use, especially for therapeutic purposes.

Reference

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