
यो ६०-८० फिटसम्म
अग्लो, बोक्रा खैरो कालो, पात
लाम्चो पहाडी क्षेत्रमा पाइन्छ। यसको घाँस पशुहरूलाई
प्रिय र घ्यू लाग्ने
हुन्छ । यसले मोटोपन
कम गराउँछ, सर्दी - चिसो हटाउँछ, रगत
पातलो र बाक्लो भएमा
सामान्य सन्तुलनमा ल्याउँछ । यो कफनाशक,
रक्तशोधक, वातनाशक मानिन्छ । मात्रा : ३-५ ग्राम बोक्रा
लेदो/चूर्ण, काँढापानी १ / १ गिलास,
अर्क : २०-२५ ग्राम,
भस्म : १-२ ग्राम
२-३ पटक ।
यसको बोक्राले सुन्निएको ठीक गर्छ र
दाँत - कान दर्दमा राम्रो
पार्छ ।
परिचय
कुटमिरो
(Litsea monopetala) नेपालको
पहाडी क्षेत्रमा पाइने एक औषधीय गुण
भएको रूख हो। यसलाई
अंग्रेजीमा
"Litsea" भनिन्छ
भने संस्कृतमा यसलाई "कुटज" वा "सिंहल" भनेर चिनिन्छ। यो
रूख नेपालका विभिन्न भौगोलिक क्षेत्रहरूमा प्राकृतिक रूपमा उम्रने गर्छ। यसको बोक्रा, पात,
र फल विभिन्न रोगहरूको
उपचारमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। आयुर्वेदिक, तिब्बती, र स्थानिय चिकित्सा
पद्धतिमा कुटमिरोको महत्त्वपूर्ण स्थान छ।
नेपाल र अन्य देशहरूमा
उपलब्धता
कुटमिरो
नेपालको मध्य पहाडी क्षेत्रदेखि
हिमाली क्षेत्रसम्म (१५०० देखि ३०००
मिटर सम्म) पाइन्छ। विशेष गरी काठमाडौं उपत्यका,
पोखरा, रासुवा, सिन्धुपाल्चोक, दोलखा, र मकवानपुर जस्ता
जिल्लाहरूमा यो रूख प्रशस्त
मात्रामा फैलिएको छ। नेपाल बाहिर
यो भारत, चीन, भूटान, म्यानमार,
थाइल्याण्ड, लाओस, र भियतनाम जस्ता
दक्षिण र दक्षिण-पूर्व
एसियाली देशहरूमा पनि पाइन्छ।
भौतिक गुणहरू
- कुटमिरोको रूख ६० देखि ८० फिट (१८ देखि २४ मिटर) सम्म अग्लो हुन्छ।
- यसको बोक्रा खैरो-कालो रंगको हुन्छ र खस्रो तथा फुट्न सजिलो हुन्छ।
- पातहरू लाम्चा, चिल्ला र साना डाँठ भएका हुन्छन्।
- यसको फूल सानो र पहेँलो हुन्छ भने फल पाकेपछि कालो वा रातो हुन्छ।
- यसको बोक्रा र पातमा तीखो सुगन्ध आउँछ।
औषधीय गुणहरू
कुटमिरोको
विभिन्न भागहरूमा निम्न औषधीय गुणहरू पाइन्छन्:
- कफनाशक: यसले कफ, सर्दी, र खोकीमा आराम दिन्छ।
- रक्तशोधक: रक्तलाई शुद्ध गरेर विषाक्त पदार्थहरू बाहिर निकाल्छ।
- वातनाशक: जोड्ने दुखाइ, गठिया, र स्नायु दुखाइमा लाभदायक हुन्छ।
- ज्वरनाशक: चिसो र ज्वरो घटाउँछ।
- पाचक: पेटको अम्लता, गैस, र अपचमा उपयोगी।
- दुखाइ निवारक: दाँत, कान, र सुन्निएको ठाउँको दुखाइमा प्रभावकारी।
लाभहरू
- मोटोपन कम गर्न मद्दत गर्छ।
- सर्दी-चिसो लाग्दा शरीरलाई तताउँछ।
- रगत पातलो वा बाक्लो भएमा सन्तुलन गर्छ।
- मुटु र स्वास प्रणालीको स्वास्थ्यलाई मद्दत गर्छ।
- तनाव र निद्राको समस्यामा सुधार गर्छ।
प्रयोग विधि
कुटमिरोलाई
विभिन्न रूपमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ:
- बोक्राको काढा: ३-५ ग्राम बोक्रा लिएर १ गिलास पानीमा उमालेर काढा बनाइन्छ। दिनमा १-२ पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
- चूर्ण: सुकेको बोक्रालाई पिँधेर चूर्ण बनाइन्छ। १-२ ग्राम चूर्ण नित्य पानीसँग लिन सकिन्छ।
- अर्क: २०-२५ ग्राम बोक्राको अर्क बनाएर दिनमा २ पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
- भस्म: १-२ ग्राम भस्म दुध वा शहदसँग मिसाएर खान सकिन्छ।
- बाह्य प्रयोग: दाँत दुखाइमा बोक्राको काढाले कुल्ला गर्न सकिन्छ।
उत्पादन र संरक्षण
- कुटमिरोको बोक्रा र पात सावधानीपूर्वक काटेर सुकाइन्छ।
- यसलाई छायामा सुकाउनु पर्छ ताकि यसको औषधीय गुण नष्ट नहोस्।
- सुकेपछि एयरटाइट कन्टेनरमा राख्नुपर्छ र नमीबाट जोगाउनुपर्छ।
- यसको फल पाकेपछि तोकिएको समयमै संकलन गर्नुपर्छ।
निष्कर्ष
कुटमिरो
(Litsea monopetala) नेपालको
एक महत्त्वपूर्ण जडीबुटी हो जसले विभिन्न
रोगहरूको उपचार गर्न मद्दत गर्छ।
यसको बोक्रा, पात, र फलहरूमा
औषधीय गुण भएकोले यो
परम्परागत चिकित्सामा धेरै प्रयोग हुन्छ।
यसले मानिस र पशुहरू दुबैको
स्वास्थ्यलाई फाइदा पुर्याउँछ। यसको सही उपयोग
र संरक्षणले दीर्घकालीन स्वास्थ्य लाभ प्रदान गर्न
सक्छ। त्यसैले, यसको संरक्षण र
सतत उपयोगलाई बढावा दिनुपर्छ।
1. Introduction 🌿
Kutamiro, known in Nepali as कुटमिरो
(kutamiro), is a tall evergreen tree with the scientific name Litsea
monopetala. It belongs to the laurel family (Lauraceae). People use it in
traditional medicine to treat many health problems.
2. Availability in Nepal and Other Countries
- Nepal:
This tree is common from the Terai lowlands up to 1,450 meters in the
hills, especially in forests with Shorea (Sal) trees and tropical
evergreen forests
- Other
countries: It also grows in India (Assam, Eastern Himalayas, Odisha,
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu), Bangladesh, Myanmar, southwest China, Burma,
Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia
3. Physical Properties
- Size
& Shape: Kutamiro grows between 5–20 m (16–65 ft) tall, with a
trunk up to 60 cm wide
- Bark:
Dark greyish, with long cracks; inner bark is brownish
- Leaves:
Alternate, smooth on top, slightly hairy beneath; 4.5–23 cm long; oval to
elliptic shape with sunken midrib and many veins
- Flowers:
Yellow, in small clusters (umbellets), bloom around March–April .
- Fruits:
Small, oblong-ellipsoid, about 0.7–1.2 cm long, ripen in July–August
- Wood:
Light to medium density (~540 kg/m³ at 15 % moisture); soft, easy to
carve, used to make handles, furniture, and planks
- Smell:
When leaves are crushed, they smell a bit like cinnamon
4. Medicinal Properties
Kutamiro is valued in herbal medicine for multiple healing
benefits. It is known for the following:
- Digestive
Health: Bark helps treat diarrhea and dysentery, sometimes given with
sugar and water
- Blood
Problems: It balances blood—whether too thin or thick.
- Cold
and Flu: It helps ease symptoms like cold, cough, and chest
congestion.
- Anti-inflammatory
and Pain Relief: Helps with pain from contusions, arthritis,
fractures, dislocations, and sprains
- Antibacterial
& Antifungal: Lab studies show leaf extracts fight bacteria and
fungi (zones of inhibition 5–15 mm)
- Antioxidant:
Bark extracts contain phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity
- Nerve
& Bone Tonic: Used traditionally to strengthen nerves and bones
- Stimulant
& Astringent: Bark aids appetite, acts as a body toner, helps with
stomach pain; works well in plasters for bruises .
- Rheumatic
& Cardiovascular Care: Used for rheumatism and supporting heart
health .
5. Advantages
- Natural
Remedy: Offers many health benefits.
- Locally
Available: Grows well in Nepal’s forests and nearby countries.
- Multiple
Uses: Different parts like bark, leaves, fruits, and even oil from
seeds have uses.
- Eco-friendly
Wood: Soft and easy to work with, suitable for small timber needs.
- Research-Backed:
Modern studies support its medicinal uses.
6. Uses & How to Use
Here are common ways to prepare and use Kutamiro:
- Decoction
(Kadha): Boil 3–5 g bark powder or crushed wood in water. Drink half
to one cup several times a day to help with general sickness, loss of
appetite, and balancing blood.
- Tincture/Extract
(Arka): Make with 20–25 g plant part in alcohol or water; take a dose
2–3 times daily to reduce cough.
- Ash
Form (Bhasma): Ash of burnt material, 1–2 g taken with water or honey,
helps deeply with internal issues.
- Topical
Paste: Mix bark/wood powder with milk to make a plaster. Apply to
bruises, swollen joints, or fractures. Also used for ear/throat pain.
- Oil
from Seeds: Used externally as rub for rheumatic pain
- Fodder:
Leaves are eaten by animals and help them gain weight .
7. Harvesting
- Parts
to Collect: Bark, leaves, fruit, seeds, and wood.
- Timing:
- Bark
& Leaves: Harvest year-round but avoid harming the tree.
- Flowers:
Collect in spring (Mar–Apr).
- Fruits:
Gather in midsummer (Jul–Aug).
- Seeds/Oil:
Collect after fruit ripening.
- Harvest
Method:
- Use
clean tools.
- For
bark, cut a narrow ring to let the area heal.
- For
leaves and fruits, pick mature ones gently.
- For
new saplings, use vegetative cuttings treated with IBA hormone (0.1 %)
for rooting
8. Preservation
- Drying:
Spread bark and leaves out in shade until fully dry, then store in
airtight jars.
- Powdering:
Grind the dried parts to make powders. Store in dark glass bottles to keep
freshness.
- Extracts:
Prepare and bottle tinctures. Label with date and use within six months.
- Ash:
Clean, dry, burn in a sealed pot, cool, and store in airtight containers.
- Oil:
Extract seed oil using traditional pressing or modern cold pressing.
Filter it and keep in dark bottles in cool places.
9. Conclusion
Kutamiro (Litsea monopetala) is a helpful Nepalese
medicinal tree. It grows high in hills, has useful bark, leaves, seeds, and
wood. People use it for digestive issues, cold, pain, arthritis, infections,
and overall health. Plus, its wood and seed oil have practical uses.
If you want to use Kutamiro:
- Collect
parts carefully.
- Dry
or prepare remedies safely.
- Use
the right doses:
- Decoction:
3–5 g bark powder, 1 glass per dose.
- Tincture
(Arka): 20–25 g, twice or thrice daily.
- Ash
(Bhasma): 1–2 g with water or honey.
- Topical
paste: Apply to affected areas.
- Always start small and check for allergies. If pregnant, breastfeeding, or on medication, talk to a healthcare provider.
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