Herb's Introduction
Plectranthus barbatus, also known as Indian Coleus, is a perennial herb belonging to the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia, and it is widely cultivated for its medicinal properties. The plant is known for its fleshy, tuberous roots, which contain a compound called forskolin. Forskolin is the primary active ingredient responsible for many of the herb's therapeutic effects. In traditional systems of medicine, particularly Ayurveda, Plectranthus barbatus has been used for centuries to treat a variety of ailments.
Name in Different Countries
The plant is known by various names across different languages and regions, reflecting its widespread use and recognition. English: Indian Coleus, Forskolin, Etiopianliisukka Arabic: بيدة فورسكول (Baydah Furskul) Chinese: 毛喉鞘蕊花 (Máo Hóu Qiào Ruǐ Huā) Finnish: Etiopianliisukka Gujarati: ગરમર (Garmar) Hindi: Makandi, पत्थरचूर (Patharchur), पाषाणभेदी (Pashan bhedi) Malayalam: Panikoorka Marathi: Karmelo, माईण Or माईन (Mayin), माईनमूळ (Mainmul) Nepali: गन्धे झार (Gandhe jhar) Portuguese: Boldo-de-jardim Sanskrit: पाषाणभेदी (Pashanabhedi), बालकः (Balakah) Telugu: పాషాణ భేది (Pashana bhedi)
Terminology
Plectranthus barbatus: This is the scientific or botanical name for the plant, given according to binomial nomenclature. It identifies the genus (Plectranthus) and the species (barbatus). Forskolin: A diterpenoid compound found in the roots of Plectranthus barbatus. It is the most studied and pharmacologically active component of the plant. Forskolin works by activating an enzyme called adenylate cyclase, which increases the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cells. This cellular process is key to many of its therapeutic actions. Pashana bhedi: A Sanskrit name for the plant, which literally translates to "stone-breaker." This name points to its traditional use in Ayurveda for treating kidney stones and urinary tract issues.
Availability
Plectranthus barbatus is widely available in various forms, especially in regions where it is cultivated. Fresh Plant: It can be grown in gardens in tropical and subtropical climates and is sometimes available in local markets. Dried Root: The roots are harvested, dried, and sold as a raw material for traditional medicine. Powdered Extract: The roots are ground into a fine powder or an extract is prepared, which is then encapsulated or sold as a loose powder. Supplements: Forskolin supplements are widely available in health food stores and online, often standardized to a specific percentage of forskolin content (e.g., 10% or 20%). Traditional Formulations: It is a key ingredient in many Ayurvedic and traditional herbal preparations.
External Look
Plectranthus barbatus is a pubescent herb, meaning it is covered in fine, soft hairs. Leaves: The leaves are opposite, ovate to elliptic in shape, with a crenate (scalloped) margin. They can grow up to 8 cm long and 4 cm wide. The leaf surfaces are pubescent, giving them a soft texture. Stems: The stems are square-shaped, characteristic of the Lamiaceae family, and can grow up to 1 meter in height. Flowers: The flowers are arranged in terminal racemes, which can be up to 20 cm long. The corolla is violet and two-lipped. Roots: The most medicinally significant part is the root system. The roots are fleshy, tuberous, and often light brown or beige in color. They are where the highest concentration of forskolin is found.
Healing Properties
The healing properties of Plectranthus barbatus are primarily attributed to forskolin and other compounds. The plant has been used traditionally and is being studied for a wide range of therapeutic effects. Cardiovascular Health: Root extract is traditionally used for lowering blood pressure. Forskolin's ability to increase cAMP levels can lead to the relaxation of smooth muscles in blood vessels, thus reducing blood pressure. Respiratory Conditions: The plant is used as a spasmolytic and bronchodilator. This makes it useful in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions by relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways. Metabolic Health: Forskolin has been studied for its potential role in weight management. It can stimulate the breakdown of stored fats (lipolysis) and may also help regulate metabolism. Anti-inflammatory and Antithrombotic: The plant possesses anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial in treating various inflammatory conditions. It is also noted as an antithrombotic, meaning it may help prevent the formation of blood clots. Digestive Health: It is used as a stomachic (aiding digestion), antispasmodic, and for treating stomachaches and diarrhea. Antimicrobial and Anthelmintic: The plant has been found to have antiseptic, antimicrobial, and anthelmintic (anti-parasitic) properties, making it useful in fighting infections and expelling worms.
Advantages
Natural Source: Plectranthus barbatus is a natural, plant-based source of forskolin, offering an alternative to synthetic drugs. Diverse Applications: Its wide range of healing properties makes it a versatile herb for treating various conditions, from blood pressure issues to respiratory ailments and digestive problems. Traditional Wisdom: Its long history of use in Ayurvedic medicine provides a foundation of traditional knowledge and safety, though modern scientific validation is ongoing. Metabolic Support: The ability of forskolin to promote lipolysis makes it a popular ingredient in supplements aimed at supporting weight loss and body composition goals.
Uses
Ayurvedic Medicine: The root is a key ingredient in many Ayurvedic formulations, particularly for treating conditions related to the urinary system, cardiovascular health, and digestive issues. Herbal Tea: The leaves can be used to make a tea for treating fevers, stomachaches, and other ailments. Topical Applications: A paste made from the leaves and roots is sometimes used externally for muscular pains. Dietary Supplements: Standardized forskolin extracts are used as dietary supplements, primarily for weight management and for cardiovascular and respiratory support. Veterinary Medicine: Traditionally, the roots have been given to buffaloes to promote lactation.
Using Way
Decoction: A common way to use the root is to boil it in water to create a decoction, which is then consumed as a medicinal tea. Paste: The leaves and roots can be ground into a paste with other ingredients (like black pepper) and administered orally for certain conditions, or applied externally. Capsules/Tablets: For standardized dosing, supplements containing powdered root extract or pure forskolin are taken in capsule or tablet form. It is crucial to follow the dosage instructions on the product label or as advised by a healthcare professional. Tincture: A liquid extract (tincture) can be made by soaking the plant material in a solvent like alcohol.
Conclusion
Plectranthus barbatus, or Indian Coleus, is a remarkable herb with a rich history in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda. Its primary active component, forskolin, has garnered significant scientific interest for its wide-ranging pharmacological effects, including its ability to lower blood pressure, act as a bronchodilator, and promote lipolysis. While it has been a staple in traditional remedies for centuries, modern research continues to explore and validate its potential benefits. As with any herbal supplement, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before using it, especially for pre-existing medical conditions or if taking other medications. Its versatility and natural origins make it a valuable plant in both traditional and modern health practices.
