Herb's Introduction
Mallotus philippinensis, also known as the Kamala tree, is a significant medicinal plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. This plant is highly valued for the reddish-brown powder (Kamala powder) obtained from the fruit's glandular hairs. This powder has been used for centuries in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and Unani for its powerful healing properties, particularly as an anthelmintic (anti-worm) and purgative. The plant is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree or large shrub, typically found in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Australia.
Name in Different Countries & Terminology
The name of this plant varies widely across different regions due to its widespread use and cultural significance. The common English names include Kamala Tree, dyer's rottlera, and red kamala, reflecting its use as a dye. The list you provided shows its diverse names:
Arabic: Qanbîl, Wars
Hindi: Kaamalaa, Sinduri
Malayalam: Kurangumanjas, Kunkumam
Tamil: Kuranku-mancanari, Kapila poti
Sanskrit: Kampilyaka
Bengali: Kamala
Chinese: Cu kang chai, Jia ma la
Thai: Kham daeng, Kham saet
The term "Kamala" specifically refers to the red powder, not the entire plant. This powder is the most economically and medicinally important part of the tree.
External Look
The Mallotus philippinensis is a small to medium-sized tree, growing up to 10-15 meters tall. It has a rounded crown and a straight trunk. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate, alternate, and have a distinctive silvery or reddish underside covered in fine hairs. The plant produces small, inconspicuous flowers in clusters. The fruits are the most notable feature: they are three-lobed, dehiscent capsules, about 6-8 mm in diameter, covered in a reddish-brown, glandular powder. This powder is the source of the famous Kamala dye and medicine.
Availability
Mallotus philippinensis is native to tropical and subtropical regions, ranging from Afghanistan and Pakistan eastward through India and Southeast Asia to China, Taiwan, and parts of Australia. It is commonly found in forests, along roadsides, and in open fields. Due to its widespread natural habitat, the plant and its products, especially the Kamala powder, are readily available in traditional markets and through suppliers of Ayurvedic and herbal medicines in these regions.
Healing Properties & Advantages
The primary medicinal value of Mallotus philippinensis lies in the Kamala powder, which contains several active compounds, including rottlerin, isorottlerin, and kamalins. These compounds give the herb its potent healing properties:
Anthelmintic: It's particularly effective against tapeworms (Taenia solium and T. saginata). The purgative action helps to expel the worms from the body.
Purgative: It induces bowel movements, which is crucial for expelling parasites and relieving constipation.
Antifungal and Antibacterial: The external application of the powder is traditionally used to treat skin conditions like ringworm, scabies, and herpes.
Styptic: It has properties that help to stop bleeding when applied topically to wounds.
Hypoglycaemic: Some studies suggest it may have blood sugar-lowering effects, although more research is needed in this area.
One of the key advantages of using Kamala powder for deworming is its long history of traditional use and its effectiveness against certain parasites.
Uses & Using Way
The primary use of Mallotus philippinensis is for the treatment of parasitic infestations, particularly tapeworms. It is also used externally for various skin ailments.
Internal Use: The Kamala powder is taken orally, usually mixed with honey, milk, or a suitable liquid. The dosage depends on the specific condition and the age of the person. It's often used as a single dose for deworming.
External Use: For skin conditions like ringworm and scabies, the powder is mixed with a carrier oil (like sesame oil) or a paste and applied directly to the affected area.
Traditional Ayurvedic and Unani applications include:
Vibandha (constipation): As a purgative to clear the bowels.
Krimiroga (worm infestation): To eliminate intestinal worms.
Jarab and Hikka (scabies and itching): As an external application to relieve skin irritations.
It is crucial to use this herb under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional or an Ayurvedic practitioner, as incorrect dosages can lead to adverse effects, including severe purging and vomiting.
Conclusion
Mallotus philippinensis, with its versatile Kamala powder, holds a significant place in traditional medicine, particularly for its potent anthelmintic and purgative actions. Its historical use for deworming and treating skin conditions has made it a valuable natural remedy. While its efficacy against certain parasites is well-documented in traditional texts, modern scientific research continues to explore and validate its various medicinal properties. As with any potent herb, proper usage and dosage are essential to ensure safety and effectiveness. Its role as a natural dye also highlights its dual utility, making the Kamala tree a truly beneficial plant.
