Medicinal Plants Of Nepal

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Abies pindrow

Abies pindrow

Abies pindrow, commonly called the Himalayan fir, Pindrow fir, or in ancient Indian language Granthiparna. It belongs to the Pinaceae household and is a majestic evergreen sapling indigenous to the occidental Himalayas. Rising upward to 40–60 meters (130–200 feet), it’s a dignified member of mountain forests stretching from Afghanistan via Pakistan and subcontinent into central Nepal This sapling plays key ecological and cultural roles in mountain landscapes, and it as well offers notable medicinal worth.

     

    Names in Different Countries

    Across the earth, that species carries a engrossing display of names:

                  Czech: Jedle himalájská

                  Danish: Pragtgran

                  Estonian: Himaalaja nulg, Pindrow nulg

                  Finnish: Himalajanpihta

                  French: sapin Pindrow, Sapin de l’Himalaya

                  person: Himalaya Tanne, Pindrow Tanne

                  Hindi: Badar, Dodimma, Jhilla, Morinda tosh, extend, Rai, Rei

                  Nepalese: thingure

                  Punjabi: paludar, rai, rewar

                  ancient Indian language: Granthiparna, Talisa

                  Spanish: Abeto de Pindrow

                  Italian: Abete di Pindrow

                  Russian: Пихта гималайская, Пихта Вебба

    These names mirror local use and acknowledgment over its indigenous scope.

     

    Where It Grows

    Abies pindrow thrives in the occidental Himalayan highlands, between 2,000 and 3,300 meters in altitude, sometimes reaching 3,700 m It favors chilly, damp, monsoon affected climates, frequently upon north introducing, questionable slopes location dirt is good drained and slightly sharp

    It commonly forms clean stands, and is as well found mixed with Cedrus deodara (deodar cedar), spruce smithiana (spruce), Pinus wallichiana (Himalayan pine) and occasionally Tsuga dumosa or deciduous trees like oaks, walnut, shrub undergrowth, and maples

     

    bodily Structure

    Size and shape

    A typical Abies pindrow reaches 60 m tall, with chest diameters upward to 2.5 m. It possesses a narrow, conical king's hat with short, even or slightly pendulous branches

    Bark and Shoots

    Young trees be in possession of smooth, bright grey bark, what becomes thick, grey brown and deeply furrowed with age. The shoots are greyish-pink or buff-brown, smooth and hairless, with abundant sticky buds

    Leaves (Needles)

    Needles are among the longest of all firs, gauging 3–9 cm lengthy (commonly 4–6 cm) and approximately 1.5–2 mm broad. They are dim glossy green upon peak, with two light stomatal bands below. Though organized spirally, they twist at the base so they recline in leveled rows along the twig. Young foliage can be in possession of divide or sharp tips or even a notched peak

    Cones and Seeds

    Male cones are tiny (1–2 cm, rosy-green and ellipsoid), whereas woman cones are 10–18 cm lengthy, cylindrical, purple-violet when youthful and later brown. Seed scales are approximately 3 cm broad. The kernels themselves are 1–1.2 cm lengthy and each possesses a appendage approximately 1.5–2× its ashes extent, helping breeze scattering

     

    healing Properties Advantages

    The foliage of Abies pindrow hold terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids and special compounds such as TADE (terephthalic sour dimethyl ester) and pindrolactone, a lanostane-based triterpene lactone

    Studies in animals record:

                  Expectorant and bronchial calmer deed

                  Decongestant, anticatarrhal, and antiseptic effects

                  Carminative properties (easing gas and bloating)

                  Mast cell stabilization reducing allergic inflammation in rats (foliage extracts)

                  Bronchoprotection against histamine-induced constriction in guinea pigs

                  Ulcer-defensive effects of oil ether, benzene, and chloroform fractions (apt owing to steroids)

                  Anti-inflammatory effects (TADE) and reduction of bronchospasm

                  Anxiolytic (worry-reducing) effects in all paradigms in rodents, comprising potentiation of barbiturate hypnosis

                  Antibacterial activity: pindrolactone shows gentle effects versus Gram-positive bacteria and powerful activity against Escherichia coli (a Gram-negative) .

     

    Traditional Uses

    regionally, foliar extracts are used in customary medicine to handle coughs, asthma, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary afflictions, and catarrh of the bladder It’s as well esteemed for its wood: the timber is gentle and bright, used in inside building (floorboards, ceilings), stairs, and even brew boxes and produce crates. In some regions, it’s as well used in match-making and pulp material .

     

    Using way

    on behalf of medicinal use, the foliage are the main energetic atom. Here's how preparations are frequently built:

                  Leaf extracts: ethanol or oil ether extracts obtained from dehydrated foliage.

                  TADE compound: alone chemically from foliage extracts.

                  Pindrolactone: a cleansed compound removed for antibacterial research.

    Traditional administering frequently involves infusions or decoctions built from fresh or dehydrated needles/foliage, taken as teas or syrups to ease hack or bronchial symptoms. The precise customary dosages change by dint of area and personal—and based upon beast research, it’s usually tiny, controlled amounts under herbal oversight. Because many compounds (especially TADE and pindrolactone) are powerful bioactives, clinical human use should be guided by dint of investigation and experts.

    In laboratory settings:

                  Terpenoid and flavonoid fractions were examined for bronchoprotection in guinea pigs.

                  Ethanolic extracts were used in worry and barbiturate potentiation examinations in rodents.

                  Petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform fractions were evaluated for sore safety.

                  Pure compounds like pindrolactone were examined for antibacterial activity.

     

    Advantages

    1.            normal breathing cure: It offers calming effects for hack, asthma, bronchitis and catarrh gratitude to expectorant, calmer, and anti-inflammatory actions.

    2.            Anti-worry benefits: Extracts show calming effects in beast research, what suggests potential for gentle worry comfort.

    3.            Antibacterial activity: Especially against Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli.

    4.            Ulcer safety: Steroid-wealthy fractions show pledge against gastric ulcers.

    5.            Cultural and ecological significance: indigenous communities be in possession of lengthy used it; its woods stands aid biodiversity.

    6.            decorative and wood worth: Used decoratively in abundant gardens and esteemed for softwood applications.

     

    Uses Application

    healing Uses (customary and researched):

                  Respiratory aid: Douche or decoction of foliage for expectorant and decongestant deed.

                  Anti-inflammatory: Extracts or cleansed compounds to reduce inflammation in lab models.

                  Anxiolytic: Tea or tinctures used in folk cures; ethanol remove lab-examined for worry.

                  Antibacterial: Leaf-obtained compounds showing activity against certain bacteria.

                  Ulcer comfort: Steroid fractions used for safety or treatment.

    different Uses:

                  Timber: Light heaviness softwood used in building interiors, flooring, stairs, brew crates, produce boxes, match sticks.

                  decorative: Occasionally grown in abundant gardens in Western Europe location humidity and precipitation attire its needs

    Cultivation:

    Propagated from kernel, needing cold stratification for 30 days for consistent germination. sprouting may be poor and unhurried (6–8 weeks). Prefers damp, slightly sharp dirt, shadow patience when youthful, and cannot tolerate contaminated appearance or waterlogged ground. It survives cold season low to nearby –10 °C, and is hardy to USDA Zone 8

     

    brief Table

    Feature Details

    Scientific Name Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle

    Family   Pinaceae

    Synonyms           Several (e.g., Abies chiloensis, spruce pindrow)

    Common Names              Himalayan fir, Pindrow fir, Granthiparna, Dodimma, Jhilla, Thingure, etc.

    indigenous Range            Western Himalayas: Afghanistan → Pakistan → subcontinent → central Nepal

    Altitude               2,000–3,300 m (upward to 3,700 m)

    Habitat Cool, damp monsoon woods upon north-introducing slopes

    Size        Up to 60 m tall, chest to 2.5 m width

    Leaves  3–9 cm, dim green, stomatal bands beneath, coil and leveled

    Cones   Female cones 10–18 cm lengthy, purple-violet when youthful

    healing Constituents      Terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, TADE, pindrolactone

    healing Actions Expectorant, bronchodilator, antiseptic, anti inflammatory, anxiolytic, anticatarrhal

    Traditional Uses               Treat hack, asthma, bronchitis, bladder catarrh

    lab Effects           Ulcer safety, worry comfort, bronchoprotection, antibacterial

    Wood Use           Interior building, furniture, boxes, matches

    Cultivation Needs           Shade open-minded, damp sharp dirt, cold layered kernel, avoids contamination

     

    Conclusion

    Abies pindrow, the Himalayan fir, is a notable species that blends natural beauty, ecological significance, and medicinal worth. It grows tall and calm in the chilly slopes of the occidental Himalayas, weaving into local ecosystems alongside spruce, cedar, pine, and broadleaf trees. Its lengthy glossy needles and noticeable violet cones become it visually attractive, and its wood is helpful in customary building.

    flat more thrilling are its medicinal properties: foliage extracts and alone compounds show breathing aid, anti inflammatory, anxiolytic, sore defensive, and antibacterial effects—backed by dint of beast investigation. In customary medicine, commonwealth be in possession of harnessed these benefits to ease coughs, asthma, bronchitis, and more.

    If you're considering utilizing that herb, always guarantee correct removal methods (like ethanol or oil ether for separating energetic compounds), right administering guided by dint of research or specialist herbalists, and awareness of its ecological part. In cultivation, it needs chilly, damp, gently sharp soils and moderate shadow.

    Overall, Abies pindrow is more than fair a woods huge—it’s a recovery sapling wealthy in legacy and biological pledge.

     


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