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Kailobhar, कैलोभार, Elecampane, Pentanema indicum

यो २-३ फिट अग्लो भार उष्ण तथा समशीतोष्ण हावापानीमा पाइन्छ । यो वर्षायु बुटी कैलो रङको पात तल-माथि गएको हुन्छ । यसको स्वाद मिठो सुगन्धित र स्वभाव गरम । औषधीय उपयोग : यसको सबै भागले मुटुवात, पुरानो खोकी, कफग्रस्त दम, पिनास, गला दुख्ने, टन्सिल, रुघा, छालाका रोग, जोर्नी दुखाई, सुन्निने इत्यादिमा अचुक उपचार गरी सन्चो बनाउँछ । मात्रा : अत्तर : ३-५ थोपा, अर्क : १०-१५ ग्राम, लेदो / चूर्ण : ३-५ ग्राम, काँढापानी १ / १ गिलास, सुँघ्ने र चुस्ने ३-५ पटक ।

परिचय

कैलोभार (वैज्ञानिक नाम: Pentanema indicum) एक औषधीय बुटी हो जुन नेपाल लगायत विभिन्न देशहरूमा पाइन्छ। यसको वानस्पतिक नाम Inula racemosa पनि भनिन्छ। यो बुटी नेपाली भाषामा कैलोभार, संस्कृतमा पुष्करमूल, अङ्ग्रेजीमा Elecampane भनिन्छ। यो २-३ फिट अग्लो हुने र पातहरू कैलो रबका हुने हुन्छ। यसको फूल पहेँला रङ्गको हुन्छ भने यसको जरा औषधीय गुणले भरपूर हुन्छ।

नेपाल र अन्य देशहरूमा उपलब्धता

कैलोभार नेपालको हिमाली, पहाडी तथा तराई क्षेत्रमा पाइन्छ। यो मुख्यतया समशीतोष्ण र उष्ण जलवायु भएका ठाउँहरूमा फस्टाउँछ। नेपाल बाहेक यो भारत, चीन, पाकिस्तान, युरोप र अमेरिकाका केही भागहरूमा पनि पाइन्छ।

शारीरिक गुणहरू

उचाई: २ देखि ३ फिट सम्म
पात: कैलो रबको, तलमाथि गएको
फूल: पहेँला रङ्गका, साना गुच्छामा फुल्ने
जरा: मोटो, गाढा खैरो वा कालो रबको
स्वाद: मिठो, सुगन्धित
स्वभाव: गरम

औषधीय गुणहरू

कैलोभारमा निम्न औषधीय गुणहरू पाइन्छन्:

कफनाशक: पुरानो खोकी, दम, कफ, रुघा लगायतमा असर गर्छ।
वातशामक: मुटुवात, जोर्नी दुखाइ, सुन्निने समस्यामा लाभदायक।
रोगप्रतिरोधक: शरीरको प्रतिरोधात्मक शक्ति बढाउँछ।
छालाका रोग: खटिरा, फोका, एक्जिमा जस्ता समस्यामा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
गला सम्बन्धी रोग: टन्सिल, गला दुख्ने, पिनास (साइनस) लगायतमा फाइदा गर्छ।

फाइदाहरू

श्वासप्रश्वास सम्बन्धी रोगहरूमा राम्रो असर गर्छ।
पाचन शक्ति बढाउँछ।
जोर्नी दुखाइ, सुन्निने र मांसपेशी दुखाइ कम गर्छ।
छालाका विभिन्न रोगहरू निको पार्छ।
शरीरको दर्द र सुजन कम गर्न मद्दत गर्छ।

प्रयोग विधि

कैलोभार विभिन्न रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ:

अत्तर: ३-५ थोपा मात्रामा सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ।
अर्क: १०-१५ ग्राम सम्म लिन सकिन्छ।
चूर्ण: ३-५ ग्राम चूर्ण गरि पानीसँग सेवन गर्ने।
काँढा: जरा उमालेर १ गिलास काँढा पिउने।
सुँघ्ने/चुस्ने: ३-५ पटक सुँघ्ने वा चुस्ने गरिन्छ।

संकलन र संरक्षण

संकलन: कैलोभारको जरा वर्षायु मौसममा खनिएर संकलन गरिन्छ।
संरक्षण: जरालाई सुकाएर ठूलो चूर्ण बनाई राख्न सकिन्छ। सुकेको जरा हावा नलाग्ने बन्द भाँडोमा राख्नुपर्छ।

निष्कर्ष

कैलोभार एक उत्कृष्ट औषधीय बुटी हो जसले विभिन्न रोगहरूको उपचार गर्न सहयोग गर्छ। यसको प्रयोगले श्वासप्रश्वास, जोर्नी दुखाइ, छालाका रोग लगायतका समस्याहरूमा राम्रो असर गर्छ। यसलाई उचित मात्रामा प्रयोग गर्दा स्वास्थ्य लाभ प्राप्त गर्न सकिन्छ। नेपाली परम्परागत चिकित्सामा यसको ठूलो महत्त्व रहेको छ।

1. Introduction

Elecampane (Nepali: Kailobhar, कैलोभार), scientifically Pentanema indicum (also known historically as Inula helenium), is a powerful medicinal herb adopted in both traditional healing and modern herbalism. A member of the Asteraceae (sunflower) family, it thrives in warm to temperate climates. With a rich legacy in Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and European herbal traditions, it supports respiratory health, digestion, skin care, and immune response.

2. Natural Distribution & Availability

In Nepal: Grows naturally in warm hill regions and mid-altitude zones. This perennial plant reaches 2–3 ft tall and is often found in herbal and nursery markets across the country.
Europe & West Asia: Native to regions including the UK, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain .
China & Japan: A close relative, Pentanema britannica, is used as “Xuan fu hua,” a staple in Chinese herbal formulas .
North America: Brought by early settlers, it has naturalized in many temperate regions .

3. Physical and Chemical Traits

Size & Structure: Typically 2–6 ft (60 cm–2 m) tall with sturdy stems .
Leaves: Dark green, toothed, stiff above, lighter and dusty underneath .
Flowers: Bright yellow, daisy-style blooms appear mid-summer into fall .
Roots (rhizomes): Thick, dark brown on the outside and yellow-white inside. Rich in essential oils, alantolactone, sesquiterpene lactones, resins, inulin, and other phytochemicals .
Energetic Nature: Warm, aromatic, and slightly bitter—promotes circulation, opens pores (diaphoretic), and supports digestion .

4. Medicinal Properties

4.1 Respiratory Health

Expectorant: Helps clear mucus and ease coughs, asthma, tonsillitis, and chronic bronchitis .
Anti-inflammatory & Antimicrobial: Alantolactone and essential oils work against infections and inflammations in the airways .
Clinical Support: Studies show improvement in persistent coughs and better sleep when used in syrups .

4.2 Digestive Aid

Bitters & Stomachic: Stimulates digestion, relieves indigestion and bloating .
Anti-parasitic: Effective against intestinal parasites due to alantolactone content .
Prebiotic: Inulin nourishes gut flora, contributing to better digestive health .

4.3 Skin & Wound Healing

Antiseptic & Anti-inflammatory: Used topically for eczema, dermatitis, wounds, and infections .
Topical Applications: Fresh root paste or creams are effective for inflamed skin .

4.4 Other Benefits

Diaphoretic: Promotes sweating to reduce fevers .
Diuretic: Helps with fluid balance by increasing urine output .
Mild Sedative: Promotes relaxation and better sleep .
Immune Booster: Stimulates natural killer (NK) cells and boosts overall immunity .

5. Key Advantages

Multi‑functional: Supports respiratory, digestive, skin, and immune health.
Backed by Tradition and Science: Valued in Ayurveda and supported by modern research .
Generally Safe: Well tolerated; however, allergy and pregnancy precautions apply .
Naturally Sourced: Organic or wild-harvested roots offer high potency .

6. Ways to Use

6.1 Tea (Infusion)

How to Make: Simmer 1–2 teaspoons dried root in 8 oz water for 15–30 minutes .
When to Take: 2–3 times a day for cough, indigestion, fever.

6.2 Decoction or Syrup

Recipe: Boil strong root decoction, mix with honey or sugar to make syrup. Take 1 tsp, 1–3 times daily .

6.3 Tincture

Method: Soak fresh or dried root in 50–60% alcohol (ratio 1:2 to 1:5) for 4–6 weeks in a dark place .
Dosage: 10–90 drops (0.5–3 ml), 3–6 times a day in water or juice .

6.4 Chewing or Candy

Raw root: Chew after meals to support digestion and respiratory function.
Candied: Boiled in sugar syrup, then dried—useful for soothing sore throats and coughs .

6.5 Poultice / Topical Paste

Preparation: Crush fresh root into a paste and apply it to cuts, rashes, or inflamed skin .

7. Traditional Dosage Rates

Traditional measures include:

Tea / Decoction: 3–5 g of dried root in a cup of water, once or twice daily.
Tincture / Extract: 10–15 g or 30–90 drops, 3–5 times per day.
Powder (Churna): 3–5 g, three times daily.
Inhalation / Lozenges: Use 3–5 times a day.
Essential Oil (Attar): 3–5 drops in a diffuser or inhaled gently .

8. Harvesting

Best Time: Harvest roots in late summer to autumn (usually October), when leaves begin to die back .
Process: On a dry day, dig carefully, shake off soil, and cut aerial parts .
Root Age: 2–3‑year‑old roots are richest in flavor and medicinal compounds; older roots may be woody .

9. Preservation

Cleaning: Scrub with water, remove dirt, rinse again .
Drying: Slice thinly and dry on a screen or tray in a ventilated area for 1–2 weeks; store in airtight containers .
Prepared Forms: Tinctures and syrups can be stored in dark glass in a cool, dark place .

10. Precautions & Contraindications

Allergies: Can trigger reactions in people allergic to ragweed or other Asteraceae family members .
Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: May cause uterine activity—avoid without professional advice .
Children (<3 years): Not recommended due to sensitivity concerns .
Serious Health Conditions: Those with severe digestive, heart, or kidney conditions should consult a doctor first .
Sedative Interactions: Can affect alertness; avoid operating machinery or driving while using high doses .

11. Conclusion

Elecampane (Pentanema indicum)—or Kailobhar in Nepali—is a warm, multi-purpose powerhouse herb that supports respiratory health, digestion, skin wellness, and immunity. Rooted in traditional wisdom yet backed by modern studies, it's a safe and effective natural remedy when used responsibly.

In Nepal, it’s readily available and well-integrated into local herbal practices. With proper harvesting, ethical sourcing, and careful preservation, you can benefit from its full potency. As with any herb, respect the dosage guidelines and heed precautions—especially for allergies, pregnancy, and sensitive individuals.

Whether you enjoy it as a warming tea, soothing syrup, healing poultice, or aromatic tincture, Elecampane offers gentle and reliable support across a range of common health needs. Here’s to exploring its golden blooms and healing roots—safely, wisely, and with curiosity.

Reference

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